Photon-Electron collision problem

  • Context: Graduate 
  • Thread starter Thread starter Rainbow
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Collision
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the collision between a photon and a free electron, particularly focusing on the energy and momentum transfer during the interaction. Participants explore the implications of classical and relativistic physics in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant proposes that a photon colliding with a free electron transfers all its energy to the electron, leading to a kinetic energy equation that results in problematic solutions.
  • Another participant argues that Newtonian concepts are inadequate for this scenario and emphasizes the necessity of using relativistic energy and momentum conservation, suggesting that a free electron cannot absorb a photon on its own.
  • A later reply mentions the conservation of 4-momentum in the context of electron-positron annihilation, indicating that at least two photons are produced to satisfy conservation laws.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus; there are competing views regarding the applicability of classical versus relativistic physics in the photon-electron collision scenario.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations in the initial assumptions regarding energy and momentum conservation, particularly in the context of relativistic effects.

Rainbow
Messages
62
Reaction score
0
Let us consider a free electron in space, which is initially at rest. Now let us consider a photon of frequency f, which collides with our free electron giving all its energy to it. This energy will manifest itself as the K.E. of the electron after the collision. Therefore, we can write
hf=(1/2)mv^2 where, h: Planck's Constant
m: Mass of the electron
v: velocity of the electron after the collision

Also, whole of the momentum of the photon will also be transferred to the electron
hf/c=mv

Solving the two equations, we get v=0 or v=2c(which defies special relativity).

Now, v=0 cannot be the solution, as the energy in the electron has to manifest itself in some or the other form, and the only form is K.E. (if I'm not mistaken).
The solution v=2c is not compatible with the fact that c is the ultimate speed.
So, what's the problem?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Newtonian concepts don't work in this situation. Relativistic energy and momentum conservation must be used, and these concepts forbid your situation. On its own, a free electron cannot absorb a photon.
 
Thank you for the help.
 
This is also the reason why when an electron and a positron anihlate they always produce at least two photons. With just one the 4-momentum wouldn't be conserved.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 25 ·
Replies
25
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
5K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K