Positive recurrent CTMC with a null recurrent embedded DTMC

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SUMMARY

A continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) is classified as recurrent if its embedded discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) is also recurrent. However, it is established that a positive recurrent CTMC can have a null recurrent DTMC, and vice versa. This relationship highlights the complexities in the behavior of Markov chains, particularly in the context of their return times. An example illustrating this phenomenon is requested for further clarity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of continuous-time Markov chains (CTMC)
  • Knowledge of discrete-time Markov chains (DTMC)
  • Familiarity with the concepts of recurrence and transience in Markov processes
  • Basic grasp of expected return times in stochastic processes
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  • Research examples of positive recurrent CTMCs with null recurrent DTMCs
  • Study the mathematical proofs behind the relationship between CTMCs and DTMCs
  • Explore the implications of recurrence types on Markov chain applications
  • Learn about the expected return time calculations for both CTMCs and DTMCs
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Mathematicians, statisticians, and researchers in stochastic processes, particularly those studying Markov chains and their applications in various fields.

Doobious
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A continuous-time markov chain is recurrent if and only if the embedded discrete time markov chain is recurrent. But, (as stated in several sources without proof or example that I can find) if the CTMC is positive recurrent the DTMC may be null recurrent and vice versa. Can someone provide an example where this occurs?

Thanks.
 
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Depends what "the" embedded DTMC means, but wouldn't the expected return time for the CTMC be less than for the DTMC?
 
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