Proving Inequality: Can Partial Derivatives Help?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the use of partial derivatives to prove an inequality involving a function of two variables, specifically whether the positivity of partial derivatives at a point can imply the inequality holds in a region defined by that point.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant proposes that if the partial derivatives of a function ##f(x, y)## are both greater than zero at a point ##(a, b)##, it could imply that ##f(x, y) > c## for all ##x \geq a## and ##y \geq b##.
  • Another participant questions whether the positivity of the partial derivatives must hold everywhere or just at the point ##(a, b)##, suggesting that the latter could lead to counterexamples.
  • A participant mentions the Mexican hat potential as a counterexample, noting that while the partial derivatives may be zero at a specific point, the function values can still behave differently outside a defined region.
  • There is a suggestion that the positivity of the partial derivatives in regions where ##x > a## and ##y > b## is crucial to the argument, although the participant expresses uncertainty about this approach.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on whether the positivity of partial derivatives at a single point can be generalized to imply the inequality holds in a larger region. Multiple competing views remain regarding the implications of the partial derivatives.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the behavior of the function outside the point of interest and the specific conditions under which the partial derivatives are positive.

Physicist97
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Hello!
Say we have an inequality that says that ##f(x, y)>c## where ##f(x, y)## is a function of two variables and ##c## is a constant. Assume that we know this inequality to be true when ##x=a## and ##y=b##. If you show that the partial derivatives of ##f(x, y)## with respect to ##x## and ##y## are both greater than zero, does that prove that ##f(x, y)>c## whenever ##x## is greater than or equal to ##a## and ##y## is greater than or equal to ##b##?
 
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The partial derivatives are positive in the regions ##x>a## and ##y>b##. They could be positive everywhere, but the above is what I think is important to proving that inequality. I could be wrong, though.
 
The mexican hat potential is a counterexample. Only that the derivatives in (0,0) are zero. But then one could define a pole there.
All derivatives are positive, the function values let's say in a circle of radius r are all above c but not outside of it, i.e. for x,y > r.
 

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