Proving that a "composition" is harmonic

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that the composition of a harmonic function and a holomorphic function results in another harmonic function. Specifically, if ##g: D \rightarrow \mathbb{C}## is harmonic and ##f: D' \rightarrow D## is holomorphic with ##f = u + iv##, then the function ##h = g(u(x,y), v(x,y))## is also harmonic. The proof requires careful application of the chain rule and the product rule to compute the second derivatives ##h_{xx}## and ##h_{yy}##, ultimately demonstrating that ##h_{xx} + h_{yy} = 0##.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of harmonic functions and their properties.
  • Knowledge of holomorphic functions and complex analysis.
  • Familiarity with the chain rule and product rule in calculus.
  • Ability to compute second derivatives of multivariable functions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of harmonic functions in complex analysis.
  • Learn about the Cauchy-Riemann equations and their implications for holomorphic functions.
  • Practice applying the chain rule and product rule in multivariable calculus.
  • Explore examples of harmonic functions and their compositions with holomorphic functions.
USEFUL FOR

Students of complex analysis, mathematicians focusing on harmonic functions, and anyone preparing for advanced studies in mathematics or related fields.

kmitza
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I am learning some complex analysis as it is a prerequisite for the masters program that I was accepted into and I didn't take it yet during my bachelors. I am using some lecture notes in Slovene and I have run into a problem that has proven troublesome for me :

If ##g: D \rightarrow \mathbb{C} ## is a harmonic function and ##f: D' \rightarrow D ## is holomorphic. If ## f= u +iv ## prove that
$$h = g(u(x,y),v(x,y)) $$ is harmonic.

My attempt was to just calculate the derivatives and obtain that it is zero but I got stuck in the calculation. It is entirely possible that this is an easy problem as I am not an analysis person but I would like to know if there is a simpler way of proving this than straight calculation?
 
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kmitza said:
I am learning some complex analysis as it is a prerequisite for the masters program that I was accepted into and I didn't take it yet during my bachelors. I am using some lecture notes in Slovene and I have run into a problem that has proven troublesome for me :

If ##g: D \rightarrow \mathbb{C} ## is a harmonic function and ##f: D' \rightarrow D ## is holomorphic. If ## f= u +iv ## prove that
$$h = g(u(x,y),v(x,y)) $$ is harmonic.

My attempt was to just calculate the derivatives and obtain that it is zero but I got stuck in the calculation. It is entirely possible that this is an easy problem as I am not an analysis person but I would like to know if there is a simpler way of proving this than straight calculation?
It should work out by taking the appropriate derivatives. You will need to be careful to apply the chain rule correctly.
 
kmitza said:
I am learning some complex analysis as it is a prerequisite for the masters program that I was accepted into and I didn't take it yet during my bachelors. I am using some lecture notes in Slovene and I have run into a problem that has proven troublesome for me :

If ##g: D \rightarrow \mathbb{C} ## is a harmonic function and ##f: D' \rightarrow D ## is holomorphic. If ## f= u +iv ## prove that
$$h = g(u(x,y),v(x,y)) $$ is harmonic.

My attempt was to just calculate the derivatives and obtain that it is zero but I got stuck in the calculation. It is entirely possible that this is an easy problem as I am not an analysis person but I would like to know if there is a simpler way of proving this than straight calculation?
As PeroK says, it's all a matter of computing $$h_{xx}, h_{yy}$$ and showing $$ h_{xx}+h_{yy} =0 $$ through the chain rule (and, I believe you'll need the product rule too, to take a partial of a partial).
 
Last edited:

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