Quantum Confusion: Philosophical Assumptions Behind Mechanics

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The discussion centers on the philosophical assumptions underlying Quantum Mechanics (QM) and whether physicists adhere to logical positivism, which posits that only empirically verifiable propositions are meaningful. Participants express confusion about the nature of quantum states before measurement, using metaphors like Schrödinger's cat to illustrate the paradoxes inherent in QM. It is emphasized that QM is a highly precise mathematical framework that does not necessarily describe reality but rather provides a method for calculating probabilities of outcomes. The interpretations of QM attempt to explain what occurs between state preparation and measurement, but these interpretations remain unfalsifiable and thus outside the realm of science. Ultimately, the conversation highlights the distinction between empirical results in physics and the metaphysical implications of those results.
  • #61
ZapperZ said:
You offered a hand-waving argument with no empirical support. This is a fact that you haven't and can't dispute. That's the end of the story.

All the evidence that QM is not-local and not-real is precisely my empirical support here. That is what is driving theorists like Busch and Jaeger.

So yes, as usual it is stunningly easy to dispute your version of events.
 
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  • #62
apeiron said:
All the evidence that QM is not-local and not-real is precisely my empirical support here.

This looks like a very strong candidate for the next Nobel Prize in Physics? Reference please! :cry:
 
  • #63
DevilsAvocado said:
This looks like a very strong candidate for the next Nobel Prize in Physics? Reference please! :cry:

Oh please! I deliberately separated the two to make the usual point that not all the loopholes have been closed. If I wanted to say "local realism" had been proved wrong, that's what I would have said.

But if you are asking me what I believe, I do believe that both locality and realism are concepts that both need to be revised. Which is what a systems approach does.

The systems approach argues for top-down or contextual causality (which undercuts locality, or bottom-up, efficient cause as being all there is). And it also argues for vague initial conditions (which undercuts naive realism - local or global).

But if you really want a reference, I think this is a fair statement of the current state of play. If you are a fan of hidden variables and praying for a loophole, the tide has been going out on you for many years now...

The ultimate test of Bell’s theorem is still missing: a single experiment that closes all the loopholes at once. It is very unlikely that such an experiment will disagree with the prediction of quantum mechanics, since this would imply that nature makes use of both the detection loophole in the Innsbruck experiment and of the locality loophole in the NIST experiment. Nevertheless, nature could be vicious, and such an experiment is desirable if we are to finally close the book on local realism.
Two things are clear from these experiments. First, it is insufficient to give up completely the notion of locality. Second, one has to abandon at least the notion of naïve realism that particles have certain properties (in our case polarization) that are independent of any observation.

http://www.quantum.at/fileadmin/Presse/2008-07-01-MG-PW_A_Quantum__Renaissance.pdf
 
  • #64
apeiron said:
Oh please! I deliberately separated the two to make the usual point that not all the loopholes have been closed.

"Deliberately separated"... "loopholes"... I don’t understand anything... :bugeye:

Honestly, if you are referring to "empirical support" and "evidence", you should at least get the most basics facts correct. How could we else be helping OP getting it right??

Bell's theorem (aka Bell's inequality) is stating that:
No physical theory of Local Hidden Variables (LHV) can ever reproduce all of the predictions of QM.

All performed EPR-Bell test experiments performed so far verifies Bell's theorem, and another word for Local Hidden Variables is Local Realism, which by the scientific community is considered "dead" (naturally).

This does NOT mean that we now have evidence that QM is not-local and not-real. All we can say is that the predictions of QM and all experiments performed so far is telling us that the microscopic world must be non-local AND/OR non-real.

To me, this is a HUGE difference, since nothing is really settled yet. There are still three (3) options and the person(s) who can tell us which is correct will most probably get the Nobel Prize in Physics.

I’m not in any "camp", I’m just here to listen and learn. Furthermore I’m not a big fan of the "shut up and calculate" –model, neither can I see the use of building large "Philosophical Castles" on shaky grounds...

I must agree with ZapperZ that using logic as 1+1=2 is nothing but a catastrophe when discussing EPR-Bell and the real nature of the microscopic world.

Why!?

Because if we take the simplest version of Bell's inequality, by Nick Herbert:

N(+30°, -30°) ≤ N(+30°, 0°) + N(0°, -30°)

And reduce it, you will get:

1+1=2

This is the classical assumption we all think is "natural". But is this what QM predicts and experiments verify...??

Well, when we do the math and run the EPR-Bell test experiments, we will always find that:

1+1=3

!

...Get it...?
 
  • #66
apeiron said:
between total realism and total unrealism, there is the intermediate ontic position which takes indeterminacy seriously.

long time ago sirs...

Aristotle:

"about anything that exists just because of its existence and not because of any special qualities it has"...




and now again:(the same essence)

"Reality is the state of things as they actually exist"






Being Qua Being

there is no need of so "ENTANGLED" definitions...
 
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