Dealing with Non-Differentiable Paths in Path Integrals

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Discussion Overview

The discussion focuses on the treatment of non-differentiable paths in path integrals, particularly in the context of quantum field theory (QFT) and Feynman's formulation. Participants explore the implications of non-differentiability on the definition of action and the construction of measures over the space of possible paths.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how the action is defined for non-differentiable paths in path integrals, suggesting that while such paths are allowed, their treatment may be problematic.
  • Another participant argues that the differentiability of the path is not a concern for integration, using the example of computing the perimeter of a square, which has non-differentiable corners.
  • A different viewpoint is presented regarding the measure in QFT, indicating that it is poorly defined mathematically and that the issue of non-differentiable paths is less of a problem compared to the measure itself.
  • One participant expresses confusion about the implications of non-differentiability and seeks clarification on why it does not matter, noting the existence of continuous yet non-differentiable paths.
  • Another participant asserts that non-differentiable paths do not have measure zero and explains that their contributions cancel out due to the nature of the Lagrangian, particularly in the context of Euclidean path integrals.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the significance of non-differentiable paths and the challenges associated with defining measures in path integrals. There is no consensus on the treatment of these paths or the implications for the action.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the complexity of defining measures in the context of path integrals and the potential issues arising from non-differentiable paths, but do not resolve these complexities.

Inquisitive_Mind
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In path integrals, how does one deal with non-differentiable paths? Obviously non-differentiable paths are allowed, but with Feymann's formulation, one has to calculate the action for a path, and then sum over all possible paths. How is the action defined (if it is defined at all) for a non-differentiable path?

Also, is it possible to construct path integral vigorously by constructing a measure on the space of possible paths?
 
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Since you are integrating, differentiability of the path doesn't matter. You can compute the length of the perimeter of a square, although the path becomes nondifferentiable at the corners.
 
The nondifferentiabality of the paths is not so much a problem (in fact in general one expects that). However the measure is a problem in QFT. No one knows really what exactly *that* is, and is more or less poorly defined mathematically (but curiously, you *can* do a few things with it).

People seem to have more or less given up on that problem for the general case, as its exceedingly hard.
 
Thanks for your replies!

To selfAdjoint,
Maybe you mistakably thought that I was talking about the ordinary path integral? Or did I miss something?

To Haelfix,
Path integrals are new to me. May you explain why the non-differentiability of paths does not matter? I can imagine that there are many continuous yet everywhere non-differentiable paths (Brownian motion's deterministic counterparts?) that are allowed. I am not sure that they are of measure zero (if the measure is defined at all)?
 
Inquisitive_Mind said:
Path integrals are new to me. May you explain why the non-differentiability of paths does not matter? I can imagine that there are many continuous yet everywhere non-differentiable paths (Brownian motion's deterministic counterparts?) that are allowed. I am not sure that they are of measure zero (if the measure is defined at all)?
They don't have measure zero. Their contributions cancel out, because the lagrangian involves derivatives, and the action diverges. Its easiest to show that in the case of a Euclidean path integral, where the integrand is e^{-\infty}=0 for a non differentiable path.
 

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