Why is C-14 Radioactive Despite Low N/P Ratio?

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SUMMARY

C-14 is radioactive despite having a neutron-to-proton (n/p) ratio of less than 1.5, debunking the myth that all unstable nuclei exceed this ratio. The discussion highlights the distinction between stable and unstable nuclei, emphasizing that while no stable nuclei exist with an n/p ratio greater than 1.5, not all unstable nuclei conform to this rule. Lead-207 serves as a key example, demonstrating stability with an n/p ratio of 1.524. The concept of "magic numbers" is also introduced, indicating that certain configurations of protons and neutrons yield exceptional stability.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of nuclear physics concepts, specifically neutron-to-proton ratios.
  • Familiarity with the concept of nuclear stability and instability.
  • Knowledge of "magic numbers" in nuclear physics.
  • Basic comprehension of isotopes and their properties.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the concept of "nuclear drip line" and its implications in nuclear stability.
  • Explore the significance of "magic numbers" in the context of nuclear stability.
  • Study the properties and stability of isotopes, focusing on examples like Lead-207.
  • Investigate the relationship between neutron-to-proton ratios and radioactivity in various elements.
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Students of nuclear physics, researchers in radiochemistry, and educators seeking to clarify concepts related to nuclear stability and radioactivity.

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Why c - 14 is radio active though n/p ratio is less than 1.5?
 
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That is not a rule. Most radioactive elements do not have n/p > 1.5. That's a myth
 
Do not confuse the statement "There are no stable nuclei with n/p > 1.5" with the statement "All unstable nuclei have n/p > 1.5". See the difference? The first one is true. The second one most definitely isn't.
 
dauto said:
Do not confuse the statement "There are no stable nuclei with n/p > 1.5" with the statement "All unstable nuclei have n/p > 1.5". See the difference? The first one is true. The second one most definitely isn't.
Lead-207 is (experimentally1) stable with 82 protons and 125 neutrons, 125/82=1.524.
There are a few other examples, see the linked list.
 
mfb said:
Lead-207 is (experimentally1) stable with 82 protons and 125 neutrons, 125/82=1.524.
There are a few other examples, see the linked list.

That's exactly my point. This rule is just an approximate rule of thumb...
 
thank you!
I've studied in class about something called 'magic numbers' where nuclei having 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82 or 126 protons or neutrons or both (separately) are exceptionally stable compared to their respective neighbouring nuclides. So, they too make an exception.
 

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