Sauropods held their long necks straight out?

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SUMMARY

Sauropods likely held their long necks horizontally rather than vertically due to the challenges of pumping blood to their brains. The discussion highlights the significant differences in bone, joint, and muscle design between dinosaurs and modern animals, particularly birds. It also notes that ancient oxygen levels during the Cretaceous period were above 30%, which may have influenced the physiology of these creatures. Comparisons to modern giraffes suggest that higher blood pressure and muscular arterial walls could have played a role in overcoming gravitational challenges.

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  • Understanding of dinosaur physiology and anatomy
  • Knowledge of ancient atmospheric conditions, specifically oxygen levels
  • Familiarity with the biomechanics of long-necked animals
  • Basic principles of blood circulation and pressure in vertebrates
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  • Research the arterial anatomy of giraffes and other long-necked animals
  • Explore the effects of ancient atmospheric oxygen levels on prehistoric life
  • Investigate the biomechanics of dinosaur necks and their evolutionary adaptations
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Paleontologists, evolutionary biologists, and anyone interested in the biomechanics and physiology of dinosaurs and their adaptations to prehistoric environments.

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sauropods held their long necks straight out!??!

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/05/090514-dinosaurs-long-necks.html

What a joke!

Dinosaurs couldn't possibly have pumped blood up those long necks, so they must have held them horizontal?

Hold your arm out for five minutes. Now imagine its 30 feet long.

Something was very different in the prehistoric environment, which allowed for 8 foot long scorpions to get oxygen to their innards, pterosaurs to fly, T-rexes to run, and sauropods to get blood up to their brains. I just don't know what. It's a physics mystery.
 
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pellman said:
Dinosaurs couldn't possibly have pumped blood up those long necks, so they must have held them horizontal?
The article says they could have but wouldn't have bothered, it's not worth the effort.

Hold your arm out for five minutes. Now imagine its 30 feet long.
Different bone, joint and muscle design.
Birds can sleep with their toes grabbing onto a branch - you can't
Dinosaurs are much closer to birds.

Something was very different in the prehistoric environment, which allowed for 8 foot long scorpions to get oxygen to their innards, pterosaurs to fly, T-rexes to run, and sauropods to get blood up to their brains. I just don't know what. It's a physics mystery.
Ancient oxygen levels are fairly well known, they were above 30% for most of the cretaceous and peaked at >35% in the paleozoic (current level is 21%)

This is a big deal for creepy-crawlies who breathe through diffusion, not so much for cold blooded reptiles.
 


It's not that much of a mystery. Modern day giraffes manage to get blood all the way up to their heads. They have higher blood pressure to pump the blood so far against gravity. I've never looked into their arterial anatomy to see if it is more muscular than arteries of species that don't have such long necks; arteries have muscular walls that helps maintain blood pressure as well.
 

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