Show ring ideal is not principal ideal

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SUMMARY

The ideal (3, x^3 - x^2 + 2x -1) in the ring of polynomials over integers, denoted as &mathbb;Z[x], is conclusively shown to be non-principal. The proof establishes that if the ideal were principal, it would imply that it equals &mathbb;Z[x] due to the inclusion of the element 3. However, since 1 is not an element of the ideal, this leads to a contradiction, confirming that the ideal cannot be generated by a single element.

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Homework Statement


Show that the ideal
(3, x^3 - x^2 + 2x -1) \text{ in } \mathbb{Z}[x]
is not principal. (The parentheses mean 'the ideal generated by the elements enclosed in parentheses')

2. The attempt at a solution
I came up with a solution (see attachment), it is just rather convoluted. I feel like I am missing a more informative proof. I would like to take away as much as I can from this problem, so I am wondering if someone else sees a more insightful way to prove it. A brief summary of my solution is (see attachment for details):

(1) If it (call it I) is a principal ideal, then the fact that it contains 3 implies
I = a \mathbb{Z}[x] \text{ for some } a \in \mathbb{Z}

(2) But the fact that it contains x^3 - x^2 + 2x -1 implies a = 1 so
I = \mathbb{Z}[x]

(3) But 1 \notin I and hence I \ne \mathbb{Z}[x]. Contradiction. So I is not a principal ideal.
 
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