SN1 reactions do not make sense to me

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In summary, these two reactions show a contradiction to the idea that reactions occur to achieve a lower state of energy. One reaction shows "B" as the lower energy molecule, while the other shows "A" as the lower energy molecule. This could be explained by the fact that the reactions are reversible.
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sodium.dioxid
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In one instance, my textbook says:

(tert-butyl OH) + (HCl) ---> (tert-butyl Cl) + (H2O)

In another instance:

(tert-butyl Cl) + (H2O) ---> (tert-butyl OH) + (HCl)

As you can see, there is a contradiction; the idea that reactions occur to achieve lower state of energy is broken since, in one reaction, "B" is lower energy and, in the other reaction, "A" is lower energy.

One of these reactions should disqualify the other one from occurring (unless this is a reversible reaction).
 
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sodium.dioxid said:
In one instance, my textbook says:

(tert-butyl OH) + (HCl) ---> (tert-butyl Cl) + (H2O)

In another instance:

(tert-butyl Cl) + (H2O) ---> (tert-butyl OH) + (HCl)

As you can see, there is a contradiction; the idea that reactions occur to achieve lower state of energy is broken since, in one reaction, "B" is lower energy and, in the other reaction, "A" is lower energy.

One of these reactions should disqualify the other one from occurring (unless this is a reversible reaction).

Its reversible.
 

FAQ: SN1 reactions do not make sense to me

1. What is an SN1 reaction?

An SN1 reaction is a type of nucleophilic substitution reaction in organic chemistry. It involves the substitution of a leaving group (often a halide) with a nucleophile, resulting in the formation of a new product. The "SN" stands for "nucleophilic substitution" and the "1" indicates that the reaction proceeds through a unimolecular (one-step) mechanism.

2. Why do SN1 reactions not make sense to me?

SN1 reactions can be confusing because they involve several steps and intermediates. Additionally, the mechanism for an SN1 reaction is different from other types of reactions, such as SN2 reactions, which can add to the confusion. It's important to understand the theory behind SN1 reactions and to practice working through examples to better understand the concept.

3. What determines the rate of an SN1 reaction?

The rate of an SN1 reaction is determined by the stability of the intermediate carbocation. The more stable the carbocation, the faster the reaction will proceed. Factors that affect carbocation stability include the degree of substitution (tertiary carbocations are more stable than primary carbocations), the presence of electron-donating or withdrawing groups, and the solvent used.

4. Can SN1 reactions occur with any type of leaving group?

Yes, SN1 reactions can occur with any type of leaving group, as long as the resulting carbocation is stable. Common leaving groups include halides, sulfonates, and tosylates. However, some leaving groups, such as fluoride, are less likely to undergo SN1 reactions due to their high basicity and poor ability to stabilize the carbocation intermediate.

5. Are SN1 reactions reversible?

Yes, SN1 reactions can be reversible. The carbocation intermediate can react with a nucleophile or a solvent molecule to reform the starting material. This is why SN1 reactions often result in a mixture of products. To favor the formation of the desired product, the reaction conditions can be controlled to prevent the reverse reaction from occurring.

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