To solve for $X$ when $X = Y^2$ and $Y$ is a 3-digit number represented by the last three digits of $X$, it is necessary to establish the range for $Y$. Since $X$ is a 6-digit number, $Y$ must be between 317 and 999, as $317^2 = 100489$ and $999^2 = 998001$. The valid values of $Y$ can be squared to find corresponding 6-digit numbers for $X$. The solution requires checking each square to ensure the last three digits match the value of $Y$. Ultimately, the problem focuses on identifying the specific 6-digit number $X$ that meets these criteria.