MHB Solving for $X$: Find $X$ When $X=Y^2$

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To solve for $X$ when $X = Y^2$ and $Y$ is a 3-digit number represented by the last three digits of $X$, it is necessary to establish the range for $Y$. Since $X$ is a 6-digit number, $Y$ must be between 317 and 999, as $317^2 = 100489$ and $999^2 = 998001$. The valid values of $Y$ can be squared to find corresponding 6-digit numbers for $X$. The solution requires checking each square to ensure the last three digits match the value of $Y$. Ultimately, the problem focuses on identifying the specific 6-digit number $X$ that meets these criteria.
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$X=\overline{abcdef}$ is a 6-digit number,

$Y=\overline{def}$ is a 3-digit number,

if $X=Y^2$ find $X$
 
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Albert said:
$X=\overline{abcdef}$ is a 6-digit number,

$Y=\overline{def}$ is a 3-digit number,

if $X=Y^2$ find $X$

let $X = 1000m + Y$
we have $X = Y^2$ or $Y^2-Y= 1000m$ or $Y(Y-1) = 1000m = (125a)(8b)$ where $m = ab$
now $Y,Y-1$ are co-primes so one of them has to be 125a and another 8b and a and b are coprimes or one of them is 1
a has to be odd ( else 125 cannot be coprime to 8b) and < 8 as $Y < 1000$
so we get
$Y=125a, Y-1 = 8b$ trying a = 1,3,5,7 we get $Y= 625, Y-1 = 624 = 8 * 78$
or
$Y=8b, Y-1 = 125a$ we get $Y = 376$
so there are 2 values of X $ 376^2 = 141376$ and $625^2=390625$
 
Here is a little puzzle from the book 100 Geometric Games by Pierre Berloquin. The side of a small square is one meter long and the side of a larger square one and a half meters long. One vertex of the large square is at the center of the small square. The side of the large square cuts two sides of the small square into one- third parts and two-thirds parts. What is the area where the squares overlap?

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