Strain Gauge Formula Derivation

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the derivation of the strain gauge formula, specifically the change in resistance represented by ΔR = (∂R/∂L)ΔL + (∂R/∂A)ΔA + (∂R/∂ρ)Δρ. The user seeks clarification on the multiplication of the partial derivatives by the respective changes in length (ΔL), area (ΔA), and resistivity (Δρ). The mathematical justification involves understanding the total derivative and linearizing the change in resistance based on these variables. The user ultimately confirms the correctness of the approach through unit analysis and substitution.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the strain gauge principle
  • Familiarity with partial derivatives and total derivatives
  • Knowledge of electrical resistance concepts
  • Basic algebra and unit analysis skills
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of total derivatives in calculus
  • Learn about the physical principles behind strain gauges
  • Explore the relationship between resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area in conductors
  • Investigate applications of strain gauges in engineering and materials science
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in engineering, particularly those specializing in materials science, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering, will benefit from this discussion. It is also valuable for anyone seeking to understand the mathematical foundations of strain gauge operation and resistance changes.

yosimba2000
Messages
206
Reaction score
9
Using R = ρL/A,
I am trying to get this formula, which is the change in resistance due to change in length, area, and resistivity.

ΔR = (∂R/∂L)ΔL + (∂R/∂A)ΔA + (∂R/∂ρ)Δρ

I understand the above conceptually, but I am confused about why we are multiplying by terms ΔL, ΔA, and Δρ.
Intuitively, I think it is just ΔR = (∂R/∂L) + (∂R/∂A) + (∂R/∂ρ), as it says "adding up the changes in resistance by changes in length, area, and resistivity equals total resistance change". And by unit analysis, I agree that multiplying by ΔL, ΔA, and Δρ is correct, but can anyone show me how to derive this mathematically?

Thanks.

*edit*
Just thought about it some more, and while it doesn't satisfy me, it makes a bit more sense.
You can just take R = ρL/A and take the partial of it WRT L and get ∂R/∂L = ρ/A.
Multiply denominator over to get ∂R = (ρ/A)∂L
Rewrite as ΔR = (ρ/A)ΔL
Realize that (ρ/A) is ∂R/∂L and substitute back in.
ΔR = (∂R/∂L)ΔL, then do the same with A and ρ.
However, this seems kind of backwards...
 
Last edited:
Engineering news on Phys.org
yosimba2000 said:
Using R = ρL/A,
I am trying to get this formula, which is the change in resistance due to change in length, area, and resistivity.

ΔR = (∂R/∂L)ΔL + (∂R/∂A)ΔA + (∂R/∂ρ)Δρ

I understand the above conceptually, but I am confused about why we are multiplying by terms ΔL, ΔA, and Δρ.

It's a math concept known as the total derivative:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_derivative

You are linearizing the change in resistance R in terms of the changes in length, area, and resistivity of the wire
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
Replies
4
Views
4K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
4K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
Replies
19
Views
2K