The formula h/λ applies specifically to massless particles, such as photons, and does not extend to relativistic electrons, which require different energy equations. For relativistic particles, the energy is expressed differently than the classical kinetic energy equation 1/2 mv², as relativistic effects must be considered. The discussion references de Broglie's work, clarifying that while his equation relates momentum and wavelength, it is applicable to massless particles. The equation E=fh, however, is valid for all particles, highlighting the quantization of energy. Overall, the distinction between massless and massive particles is crucial in understanding these relationships in physics.