The oscillation of a particle in a special potential field

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on analyzing the oscillation of a particle in a potential field described by the function U0tan²(x/a). The force acting on the particle is derived from the potential, leading to the equation of motion d²x/dt² + U0(2sec²(x/a)(x/a²)) = 0. The participants explore the application of Taylor series expansion for small oscillations to simplify the analysis. The challenge lies in handling the sec²(x/a) term effectively to derive further insights into the particle's motion.

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  • Understanding of classical mechanics, specifically Newton's laws of motion.
  • Familiarity with potential energy functions and their derivatives.
  • Knowledge of Taylor series expansion and its application in physics.
  • Basic calculus, including differentiation and solving differential equations.
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  • Research methods for solving second-order differential equations.
  • Explore the implications of potential energy functions on particle motion.
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Peter Jones
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Homework Statement
Prove that the particle moves periodically between two points and find the period of small angle oscillations
Relevant Equations
The question is:
A particle of mass m moves with energy E0 and has the potential energy Ụ(x)=U0tan^2(x/a) where U0 and a are constants with units of energy and length, respectively. Prove that the particle moves periodically between two points x1, x2 which are the roots of the following equation E-m/2(v0y^2+v0z^2)-U0tan^2(x/a)=0 (v0y,v0z are the particle’s initial velocity in 0y, Oz). Find the period of small angle oscillations about all stable equilibrium points.
I couldn't prove the first one but i tried to find the period

F = -dU / dx

= - d( U0tan^2( x / a ) ) / dx

= - U0 ( ( 2 sec^2( x / a ) tan( x / a ) / a )
with F=d^2x/dt^2, tan(x/a)=x/a we have
d^2x/dt^2 + U0 ( ( 2 sec^2( x / a ) ( x / a^2 ) =0
from there i don't know how to handle the sec^2(x/a)
Capture20201116231651.png
 
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Have you seen the general idea of using a Taylor series expansion of the potential function for small oscillations?
 
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PS For the first part, you could think about the fact that the particle cannot keep moving in the x-direction, so it must reach a turning point where ##\frac{dx}{dt} = 0##.
 
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