Transform of a piecewise continuous function

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving the initial value problem (IVP) defined by the differential equation y'' + y = f(t), where f(t) is a piecewise continuous function. The Laplace transform is applied to both sides, leading to the equation (s^2 + 1)Y(s) = \mathcal L\{f(t)\}. The Laplace transform of f(t) is computed by breaking it into three integrals, resulting in Y(s) = -[e^{-2\pi s} - e^{-\pi s}] / s(s^2 + 1). The inverse Laplace transform is then derived, yielding the solution involving delta functions and sine and cosine terms.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Laplace transforms, specifically \mathcal L\{f(t)\}
  • Familiarity with solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs)
  • Knowledge of piecewise continuous functions and their properties
  • Basic skills in inverse Laplace transforms and delta functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of Laplace transforms and their applications in ODEs
  • Learn techniques for solving piecewise continuous functions in differential equations
  • Explore the method of inverse Laplace transforms in detail
  • Investigate the use of delta functions in signal processing and system analysis
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, engineers, and students studying differential equations, particularly those interested in Laplace transforms and their applications in solving IVPs.

Hiche
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We know that the \mathcal L\{f(t)\} = \int^{\infty}_0 e^{-st}f(t) dt.

Say we want to, for example, solve the following IVP: y&#039;&#039; + y = f(t) where f(t) = \begin{cases}<br /> 0 &amp; 0 \leq t &lt; \pi \\<br /> 1 &amp; \pi \leq t &lt; 2\pi\\<br /> 0 &amp; 2\pi \leq t<br /> \end{cases}

and y(0) = 0 , y&#039;(0) = 0

We apply Laplace on both side of the DE, and we get (s^2 + 1)Y(s) = \mathcal L\{f(t)\}. Using the cases above, do we divide the integral from 0 to \infty into three integrals?

I did that and \mathcal L\{f(t)\} = \int^{\pi}_0 e^{-st}(0) dt + \int^{2\pi}_{\pi} e^{-st}(1) dt + \int^{\infty}_{2\pi} e^{-st}(0) dt. The first and third integrals are zeros so we need to integrate the second one. We get -(1/s)[e^{-2\pi s} - e^{-\pi s}]. Right?

Back to the DE, Y(s) = -[e^{-2\pi s} - e^{-\pi s}] / s(s^2 + 1). How exactly do we find \mathcal L^{-1}\{Y(s)\}?
 
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Okay, so I tried solving it. 1/s(s^2 + 1) = 1/s - s/(s^2 + 1), and after a litle work, Y(s) = e^{-\pi s}/s - e^{-\pi s}/(s^2 + 1) - e^{-2\pi s}/s + e^{-2\pi s}/(s^2 + 1). Is this correct? Now, the Laplace inverse of Y(s) is \delta(t - \pi) - \delta(t - \pi)sin(t - \pi) - \delta(t - 2\pi) + \delta(t - 2\pi)cos(t - 2\pi). I'm not sure about this, but I think it's fine?
 

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