Understanding a Graph Theory Proof

In summary, the proof shows that if a simple graph G has 6 vertices, then G or its complement must have a subgraph isomorphic to ##K_3##. This is because at least one of them must have a vertex with degree at least 3, which guarantees the existence of a subgraph isomorphic to ##K_3##. This result can be generalized to state that G or its complement must have a vertex with degree at least ##\lfloor v/2 \rfloor##.
  • #1
Mr Davis 97
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Prove that if a simple graph G has 6 vertices then G or its complement has a subgraph isomorphic to ##K_3##.

The proof begins by noting that is must be the case that G or its complement as a vertex with degree at least 3. Why is this the case?
 
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  • #2
Pick a random vertex. If its degree is 3 or more you are done. If its degree is smaller, what is the degree of the vertex for the complement?
 
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Likes Mr Davis 97
  • #3
mfb said:
Pick a random vertex. If its degree is 3 or more you are done. If its degree is smaller, what is the degree of the vertex for the complement?
I got it now. How would this result generalize? Would it be correct to say that G or its complement must have a vertex with degree at least ##\lfloor v/2 \rfloor##?
 
  • #4
Sure.
 

1. What is graph theory?

Graph theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. It is a powerful tool for analyzing and solving problems in fields such as computer science, engineering, and social sciences.

2. What is a graph theory proof?

A graph theory proof is a logical argument that uses mathematical principles and techniques to demonstrate the validity of a statement or theorem related to graphs. It involves using definitions, theorems, and axioms to show that a statement is true for all possible cases.

3. How can I better understand a graph theory proof?

To better understand a graph theory proof, it is important to have a strong foundation in basic graph theory concepts, such as vertices, edges, paths, and cycles. It is also helpful to practice working through examples and familiarizing yourself with common proof techniques, such as induction and contradiction.

4. What are some common challenges in understanding graph theory proofs?

Some common challenges in understanding graph theory proofs include the use of complex notation and terminology, the need for abstract thinking, and the potential for the proof to involve multiple steps or cases. It is important to take your time, break the proof down into smaller parts, and seek help or clarification when needed.

5. How can I apply graph theory proofs in my research or studies?

Graph theory proofs can be applied in various ways, depending on your field of study or research interests. They can be used to analyze and solve problems related to network connectivity, optimization, and data analysis. Additionally, understanding graph theory proofs can help improve critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are valuable in any field.

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