Understanding Newton's Cradle: Explaining the Movement of Middle Balls

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In Newton's Cradle, when a raised ball collides with the nearest stationary ball, it transfers energy and momentum, causing the ball furthest to the right to move while the middle balls initially remain still. The middle balls do not appear to move immediately due to the nature of elastic collisions and energy transfer, which involves sound and internal energy. Over time, the middle balls begin to move as the energy dissipates through the system, demonstrating the conservation of momentum in a non-ideal scenario. The discussion highlights the complexities of energy transfer and momentum conservation in real-world applications of Newton's laws. Understanding these principles is crucial for grasping the mechanics of Newton's Cradle.
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Homework Statement


http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/Newton.htm

This is a good animation of how Newton's Cradle works

There was a question in an exam paper, Ed Jan 2011.

A student obsereved that when the raised ball collided weith the nearest stationary ball and stops. The ball furthest to the right moves away and the three middle balls remain stationairy. As time progressed the middle balls are also observed to be moving.

My question is: why initially don't the middle balls appear to move but eventually they do appear to move?

thanks


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The Attempt at a Solution


Ok so I understand that, in an ideal world, momentum and KE conservation dictate that however many balls are raised, that number of balls rise on collision.
However, this situation is not ideal and I cannot see how MOMENTUM conservation works
I know we are transferring energy to sound/internal energy of balls but how is momentum consereved (even when the balls stop) and why is the above situation fairly accurate?
 
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That same website has a good explanation of what's involved:

http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/cradle.htm
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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