Voltaic cell + battery in series

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the effects of connecting a battery in series with a voltaic cell on the rate of redox reactions. Participants explore the implications of increased potential difference on both thermodynamics and kinetics, as well as potential side effects such as unwanted reactions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether connecting a battery in series with a voltaic cell increases the rate of redox reactions, suggesting that the potential difference would stack and asking if this affects kinetics or just thermodynamics.
  • Another participant agrees that increasing voltage can generally increase reaction rates but warns that excessively high voltage may lead to unwanted side reactions, such as water hydrolysis.
  • A different participant emphasizes that the rate of redox reactions is primarily influenced by current, which can be increased by reducing circuit load resistance, referencing Ohm's law.
  • It is noted that for a fixed load resistance, adding more cells in series could increase current and thus the rate of reaction, while also mentioning that internal resistance of the battery plays a role.
  • One participant confirms that potential increase can affect redox reaction rates within normal operating conditions but cautions that extreme conditions may complicate the situation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the relationship between potential increase and reaction rates, with some suggesting a direct correlation while others highlight the importance of current and circuit resistance. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific effects of high voltage on reaction kinetics and potential side reactions.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference Ohm's law and the internal resistance of batteries, indicating that assumptions about circuit load and normal operating conditions are significant but not fully explored.

Manganese
Messages
9
Reaction score
0
TL;DR
Would connecting a battery in series with a voltaic cell accelerate the rate of the redox reaction of the cell?
Hello,
I wanted to know if connecting a battery in series with a voltaic cell would increase the rate of the redox reactions.

Let's take the simplest example of a voltaic cell constituted by a Zn/Zn2+ half-cell connected to a Cu/Cu2+ half-cell. When the circuit is closed, the Zn electrode will get corroded and will dissolve in Zn2+, while the Cu2+ ions in the other half-cell will get reduced to Cu.

What I wanted to know is, if I connect a battery in series with this voltaic cell (maintaining the same current direction), the potential difference should stack (if the Zn/Cu cell has a potential of 1.10 V, connecting a 3V battery in series should bring it to 4.10 V).

Will this potential increase somehow affect the rate of the redox reaction? Or the increase of the potential only affects the thermodynamics of the process (as in, it's just higher voltage) but the kinetics are unaffected? And also, would connecting a battery in series with this type of voltaic cell result in shorting the battery? I know they are getting discharged, but would this be happening at a fast rate or the voltaic cell acts as some sort of resistance?

I drew a sketch
voltaic cell + battery.png
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Engineering news on Phys.org
In general - yes, but if the voltage gets too high you can start unwanted side reactions (like water hydrolysis).
 
Manganese said:
I wanted to know if connecting a battery in series with a voltaic cell would increase the rate of the redox reactions.
An "electric battery" is a stack of electrochemical cells, working together, usually in series, to produce a higher voltage than a single cell. In the same sense, a "gun battery" is composed of several guns, that aim to work together.

The rate of the redox reactions can be increased only by increasing the current flowing through the cell. That can be done by reducing the circuit load resistance. That is Ohm's law.

For a fixed load resistance, having more cells in series would increase the current and the rate of reaction. Again, that is Ohm's law.

The circuit resistance includes the internal resistance of the battery. Heating the battery may reduce the battery internal resistance, and so increase the rate of reaction.
 
Manganese said:
Will this potential increase somehow affect the rate of the redox reaction?
Yes, around the 'normal' currents and voltages of the cells used.
But once it's out of the 'normal' range and boiling or electrolysis happens, it may become (very) complicated.
 

Similar threads

Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 23 ·
Replies
23
Views
5K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
Replies
2
Views
2K