Weight percent and concentration problem

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the concentration of ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide after mixing specific volumes of each solution with water. Participants also explore whether any reactions occur between the chemicals involved.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents a formula for converting weight percent to molarity, providing specific values for hydrogen peroxide and ammonium hydroxide based on their densities and molar masses.
  • Another participant questions the correct total volume to use for dilution calculations, expressing uncertainty about whether to use the total volume of the solution or just the volumes of the chemicals and water.
  • A participant suggests summing the masses of all solutions and assuming the density to be that of pure water, indicating that mass is conserved but volume may not be.
  • There is a repeated emphasis on the assumption that no reaction occurs between ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the appropriate method for calculating final concentrations and the assumptions regarding density. There is no consensus on the best approach to take regarding the total volume and density assumptions.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations in their calculations, including the dependence on assumptions about density and the unresolved nature of how to treat the total volume of the solution.

shiyao85
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the question is at below.

320ml of 29wt% of ammonium hydroxide
1210ml of 31wt% of hydrogen peroxide
30190ml of water

mixed together.

What is the concentration of ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide now?
Is there any reaction occurs between them?
 
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Welcome to PF!

Hi shiyao85! Welcome to PF! :wink:

Show us what you've tried, and where you're stuck, and then we'll know how to help! :smile:
 
Conversion of weight percent to molarity
*Cw=(10×Mw×M)/ρ

Where Cw is weight percent
Mw is molar mass
M is molarity
ρ is density of the solution

Assumption: -No reaction between ammonium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide

-Hydrogen peroxide
Density = 1.44g/mL
Cw = 31wt%
Mw = 34g/mol
From *
M1=0.131mol/L
V1 = 1210ml = 1.21L

-Ammonium hydroxide
Density = 0.9g/mL
Cw = 29wt%
Mw = 35g/mol
From *
M2 = 0.0745mol/L
V2 = 320ml = 0.32L

After mixing:
Total volume of the solution is 31.72L.
Formula for dilution
MiVi = MfVf

For ammonium peroxide
MiVi = MfVf
(0.0745mol/L) X 0.32L = Mf X 31.72L
Final molarity of NH4OH in the solution is 7.51X10^-4 mol/L.

For hydrogen peroxide,
MiVi = MfVf
(0.131mol/L) X 1.21L = Mf X 31.72L
Final molarity of H2O2 in the solution is 5X10^-3 mol/L.
Remarks:
*http://www.chembuddy.com/?left=concentration&right=percentage-to-molarity
Density of the substances from internet
http://actrav.itcilo.org/actrav-english/telearn/osh/ic/1336216.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_peroxide

I was stuck in the part of final volume. Not sure one which the number i should use. Is it total volume of the solution? or just the volume of the chemical and water?
OPs..
 
Sum masses of all solutions and assume density to be that of pure water (mass is conserved after all, which can't be said about volume). You won't find anything better and the final solution seems to be quite diluted.

--
 
Borek said:
Sum masses of all solutions and assume density to be that of pure water (mass is conserved after all, which can't be said about volume). You won't find anything better and the final solution seems to be quite diluted.

--
ChemBuddy chemical calculators - buffer calculator, stoichiometry calculator
www.ph-meter.info - ph meter, ph electrode


So have to convert the total volume to mass rite? assume the density to be 1 for all the solute also rite? because all of them are quite dilute..
 

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