What Determines the Total Power Output of a Battery?

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SUMMARY

The total power output of a battery is determined by the energy transformed into electric energy and the time over which this transformation occurs. In this case, the battery supplies a steady current of 5.6 A for 21 seconds, converting 1410 J of chemical energy into electric energy. However, 560 J of this energy is lost as heat, resulting in a net electric energy output of 850 J. The total power output can be calculated using the formula P = E/t, leading to a definitive power output of approximately 40.48 W.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrical power calculations
  • Familiarity with the concepts of emf and terminal voltage
  • Basic knowledge of energy transformations in batteries
  • Proficiency in using the formula P = E/t
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the differences between emf and terminal voltage in batteries
  • Learn about energy losses in electrical systems, particularly in batteries
  • Explore advanced battery management systems and their efficiency metrics
  • Study the impact of current and voltage on overall battery performance
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Students studying electrical engineering, battery technology enthusiasts, and anyone interested in understanding the efficiency and power output of batteries.

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Homework Statement


A battery supplies a steady current of 5.6 A for 21 s. During this time 1410 J of chemical energy is transformed into electric energy, but 560 J of this electric energy is transformed into heat energy inside the battery. What is the total power output of the battery?


Homework Equations


P = E/t


The Attempt at a Solution


What is confusing me is: is the energy I should consider in the "total power output" the energy associated with the emf - 1410 J - or the energy associated with the terminal voltage - 1410 J – 560 J = 850 J? I don't understand why I should use one or the other.

The next question asks pretty much the same question but with emf and current, and doesn't even give a terminal voltage, so I am guessing I should use 1410 J, but I don't understand why this is. Could someone please help explain?
 
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The way I read it, the battery puts out two kinds of power, thermal, that heats its surroundings, and electrical that does what it does in the circuit. Total power would be the sum of the two.
 

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