What factors are important in designing pH electrodes and metallic electrodes?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion focuses on the design and factors influencing pH electrodes, metallic electrodes, and conductivity cells. Participants explore various aspects such as terminology, construction, materials, and applications relevant to these electrodes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant queries the meaning of "COMBINED pH electrode" as used by manufacturers.
  • Questions are raised about the limitations of the pH scale, specifically why it is capped at 14.
  • There is an inquiry into the factors that determine the dimensions of electrode constructs.
  • Participants discuss the resistivity of pH electrodes and the factors that contribute to it, including operating temperature specifications and the use of KCl as a reference electrolyte.
  • There is a question regarding the criteria for selecting electrode metals such as Platinum, Gold, Silver, Antimony, and Tungsten, and whether a reference chart exists for their applications.
  • Factors influencing the precision of electrodes are also mentioned, alongside a request for novel experimental ideas suitable for college projects.
  • Another participant introduces the topic of Hg/HgO with KOH electrodes for oxygen evolution studies and seeks suggestions for sourcing them.
  • There is a discussion about measuring systems for O2 and CO2 gases, questioning how to determine the "best" system for CO2 analysis.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of understanding and willingness to engage with the questions posed. Some participants provide resources for further exploration, while others challenge the expectation of comprehensive answers without prior research. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple viewpoints presented.

Contextual Notes

Some queries may depend on specific definitions and assumptions that are not fully articulated. The discussion includes technical details that may require further clarification or exploration.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to students and professionals in chemistry, materials science, and engineering, particularly those involved in electrode design and application.

NSK8700
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I have not searched enough/researched, but my immediate need is to clarify the following in the context of pH electrodes, metallic electrodes and conductivity cells, particularly as regards the way they are conceived/ designed, [WARNING] my queries may be naive [WARNING]:
(1a) Often a vendor mention's pH electrodes as a "COMBINED pH electrode", what could/ does the manufacturer imply by the term "COMBINED" ? (1b) What limits the maximum pH scale to 14 (max) (1c) What typically delimits the electrode construct dimensions (2) In a particular construct what contributes to the Resistivity of such pH electrodes [typically 200-300MegaOhm] What determines the operating temperature specification of such electrodes and what is rationale for using 'KCl' as the reference electrolyte.(3) On what basis is the choice of electrode metal in metallic electrodes done, vis-a-vis, Platinum,Gold,Silver,Antimony,Tungsten electrodes,is there a reference chart as to their appropriate utilization/ applications.(4)What factors enhance or influence precision in such electrodes and the typical potential I would also appreciate some novel or unusually applied experiments that could qualify for Junior or Senior college project(s).
 
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Your queries are not naive, but you are naive thinking we will answer them all. We can explain details once you will try to understand them by yourself.

Check out www.ph-meter.info - that should be a good starting point.
 
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Borek : Thanks, I will review them...BTW,are you (among) the principal(s) @ www.chembuddy.com/
 
I AM ChemBuddy.
 
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Borek: (1)Have you come across Hg/HgO with KOH electrode for Oxygen evolution studies and do you have comments or suggestions to source the same from.(2) In the context of defined measuring systems we have for O2,chemical or zirconia, How can one analyze and conclude about the "best" measuring system for CO2 gas ?
 

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