Nitrates are key components in explosives such as TNT, gunpowder, and dynamite. During an explosion, nitro (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) groups decompose into nitrogen gas (N2), releasing approximately -950 kilojoules/mol of energy when nitrogen triple bonds form. The formation of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water (H2O) during the explosion further contributes to energy release. The rapid reaction rate and high pressure from the generated gases are critical factors in determining the explosive power.
PREREQUISITESChemists, materials scientists, and professionals in the explosives industry will benefit from this discussion, particularly those involved in the study and application of explosive materials and their chemical properties.