Why can't SU(2) be the gauge group of electroweak theory?

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies why SU(2) cannot serve as the gauge group for electroweak theory, specifically within the lepton sector of the first generation. The currents defined as J^{-}_{\mu} and J^{+}_{\mu} are analyzed, revealing that the generators T_{+}, T_{-}, and Q do not form a closed algebra. This is demonstrated by computing the commutator [T_{+}, T_{-}], which does not yield Q, thus confirming that SU(2) is inappropriate for this gauge group. The necessity of including both left-handed and right-handed electron fields in the current is emphasized as a critical factor in this conclusion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of SU(2) gauge theory
  • Familiarity with electroweak interactions
  • Knowledge of canonical fermion anticommutation relations
  • Basic concepts of quantum field theory
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the computation of commutators in quantum field theory
  • Explore the role of gauge groups in particle physics
  • Review Cheng and Li's "Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle Physics" for deeper insights
  • Investigate the implications of left-handed and right-handed fields in electroweak theory
USEFUL FOR

The discussion is beneficial for theoretical physicists, particularly those specializing in particle physics and gauge theories, as well as graduate students seeking to understand the limitations of SU(2) in electroweak interactions.

CaptainKidd
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I know that there are many reasons why SU(2) can't be the electroweak gauge group, but I want to have some clarifications about the following one, that disergads neutral currents:
in this case the currents are (considering only the lepton sector of the first generation)
J^{-}_{\mu}=\bar{\nu}_{e}\gamma_{\mu}(1-\gamma_5)e

J^{+}_{\mu}=(J^{-}_{\mu})^\dagger

J^{em}_{\mu}=-\bar{e}\gamma_{\mu}e
From these one may hope to build a SU(2) group using as generators the three charges
T_{+}(t)=\frac{1}{2}\int d^3 x J^-_0(x)=\frac{1}{2}\int d^3 \nu_e^\dagger(1-\gamma_5)e

T_-(t)=T^\dagger_+(t)

Q(t)=\int d^3 x J^em_0(x)=-\int d^3 e^\dagger e
At this point one should show that the generators T_+, \, T_-, \, Q do not form a close algebra by computing the commutator \[T_+,T_-\] and showing that it is not equal to Q (and this proves that SU(2) is not the right gauge group).
I just want to know how to compute this commutator explicitly. In Cheng and Li's book it is said that it can be computed using the canonical fermion anticommutation relations but I was not able to do it.
Thanks.
 
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Well, without actually doing the calculation, it's pretty obvious that it can't possibly work. For one thing, only the left-handed electron field (and its hermitian conjugate) appears in J+ and J-, but J_em also includes the right-handed electron field; this can't be generated out of nothing from the commutator. Also, the neutrino field does not appear in J_em, yet it appears symmetrically with the electron field in J+ and J-, which means that it must appear in the commutator as well. The current you would get from the commutator would be something like

\bar{\nu}_{e}\gamma_{\mu}(1-\gamma_5){\nu}_{e} - {\bar e}\gamma_{\mu}(1-\gamma_5)e
 

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