Why Do We Convert Grams to Kilograms When Calculating RMS Speed in Gases?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the calculation of the root mean square (RMS) speed of nitrogen (N2) and oxygen (O2) gases at 293K using the formula Vrms = √((3RT)/M). The correct calculation requires converting molar mass from grams to kilograms, specifically using 0.032 kg/mol for O2 instead of 32 g/mol, resulting in an RMS speed of 478 m/s. This conversion is necessary because the units of Joules (J) incorporate kilograms, ensuring dimensional consistency in the equation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law and its applications
  • Familiarity with the concept of root mean square speed
  • Knowledge of unit conversions, specifically between grams and kilograms
  • Basic grasp of thermodynamic principles related to gas behavior
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the RMS speed formula in kinetic theory of gases
  • Learn about unit conversions in physical chemistry, focusing on mass and energy units
  • Explore the implications of gas behavior at different temperatures using the ideal gas law
  • Investigate the relationship between molecular mass and gas speed in various gases
USEFUL FOR

Students in chemistry or physics, educators teaching thermodynamics, and anyone involved in gas behavior calculations will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement


The atmosphere is composed primarily of nitrogen N2 (78%), and oxygen O2 (21%). Find the rms speed of N2 and O2 at 293K


Homework Equations


Vrms=\sqrt{}((3RT)/M)


The Attempt at a Solution


Vrms, O2=\sqrt{}((3*8.31J*293K)/(32g/mol)) =15.11m/s

When I looked at the answer to the book, it was 478 m/s because instead of putting 32g/mol in the denominator, they converted it to 0.032 kg/mol. Can somebody explain to me why the authors of my book decided to do that? Is my first answer still correct? Or do I need to convert to kg every time I have to do a RMS problem?

Thank you for your time
 
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It is used in terms of kg because Joules is a unit that involves kg (kg*m^2*s^-2). In order for it to work out, you have to divide by the same units.
 

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