Why does a rainbow form an arc shape?

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SUMMARY

A rainbow forms an arc shape due to the refraction, reflection, and dispersion of light in water droplets. The angle at which light exits the droplet is approximately 42 degrees for red light and 40 degrees for violet light, creating a circular arc. This phenomenon occurs because the human eye perceives light at specific angles, resulting in the characteristic arc rather than a straight line. The circular nature of the rainbow is a consequence of the spherical shape of the water droplets.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of light refraction and reflection
  • Basic knowledge of optics and color dispersion
  • Familiarity with the geometry of circles
  • Awareness of the role of water droplets in light phenomena
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the physics of light refraction in water droplets
  • Explore the concept of color dispersion in optics
  • Learn about the geometry of circular arcs in relation to light angles
  • Investigate other optical phenomena related to water, such as halos and glories
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Students of physics, educators teaching optics, and anyone interested in the scientific explanation behind natural light phenomena.

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We all know as to why we see a rainbow. But why do we see it in a the form a circular arc. Why not a straight line or anything else?

I was reading one book and that gave some reason that eyes make the a particular angle at the light from the drops of water. We all know the first part that we see a rinbow only at a particular angle, but I didn't get an answer as to why it arcs??
 
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