Why Does Cs React More Violently with Water than Li?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the differing reactivity of cesium (Cs) and lithium (Li) with water, particularly why Cs reacts more violently despite Li having a higher enthalpy of hydration. Participants explore various factors influencing the reaction, including atomic size and reaction rates.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that while the enthalpy of hydration for Li is more negative than for Cs, this does not correlate with the observed reaction intensity.
  • Another participant suggests that factors beyond enthalpy of hydration must influence the reaction, indicating a need for a broader analysis.
  • Atomic radii differences are mentioned as a potential factor affecting the reactions of Li and Cs with water.
  • There is a discussion about the redox reactions occurring when Li and Cs are placed in water, with a request for clarification on the specifics of these reactions.
  • One participant questions how enthalpy of hydration is defined for atomic species and requests a translation of qualitative terms like "violently" and "quietly" into quantitative measures.
  • Another participant interprets "quietly" and "violently" in terms of reaction rates, suggesting that Cs reacts faster than Li.
  • A participant prompts for clarification on the initial reactions of elemental Li and Cs with water, emphasizing their solid state before contact.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the factors influencing the reactivity of Li and Cs with water, with no consensus reached on the primary reasons for the observed differences in reaction intensity.

Contextual Notes

Some participants highlight the need for definitions and clarifications regarding terms like enthalpy of hydration and the qualitative descriptors of reaction intensity, indicating potential ambiguities in the discussion.

broegger
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Hi.

How come that Cs reacts more violently with water than Li, when the enthalpy of hydration for Li is -520 kJ/mol while it is only -276 kJ/mol for Cs. More energy is released in the Li reaction, but still it reacts more quietly?

(EDIT: Oops, maybe this should be in the homework section?)
 
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What else affects the reaction? It ain't ALL enthalpy of hydration.
 
Yes, for instance, consider the radii of the elements.
 
There will occur a redoxreaction when Li and Cs are put in water. What happens in this reaction with Li and Cs in this redoxreaction ? In combination to the previous post it should answer your question.
 
The Li atoms are smaller, but how does that affect the reaction?
 
broegger said:
The Li atoms are smaller, but how does that affect the reaction?

compare:

Li --> Li(+) + e(-) and Cs --> Cs(+) + e(-)

in what electron lies more energy ? and what electron is easiest being lost ?
 
How on Earth do you spec an enthalpy of hydration for an atomic species (like Li or Cs)? What does that even mean? Would you (the OP) please define the enthalpy of hydration in this context?

Secondly, translate the words "violently" and "quietly" into terms involving well-defined physical quantites. The answer will pop right out.
 
I have no idea, just quoting from the book, basically. Doesn't Li- and Cs-solids exist? I'm a lousy chemist, I know.

I would think that "quietly" means slow and "violently" means fast, so the statement is that the reaction rate of Cs + water is larger than the reaction rate of Li + water. I understand that the reaction rate is influenced by other factors than the difference in enthalpy...
 
Okay --- step at a time: what's the first thing that happens when elemental Li or Cs are placed in contact with water? (Yes, they're both solids.)
 
Last edited:
  • #10
Gokul43201 said:
How on Earth do you spec an enthalpy of hydration for an atomic species (like Li or Cs)? What does that even mean? Would you (the OP) please define the enthalpy of hydration in this context?

Secondly, translate the words "violently" and "quietly" into terms involving well-defined physical quantites. The answer will pop right out.

the topic starter said: 'reacts more violently with water'

--> thus we speak about the reaction between elemental Li /Cs and water, i assume.
 

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