Why Don't Electrons Collide in Orbit?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the behavior of electrons in atomic orbits, specifically addressing why electrons do not collide despite their interactions and properties such as spin. It involves theoretical concepts from quantum mechanics and the nature of electron behavior in atoms.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that electrons in an orbit have two spins (1/2 and -1/2) and question why they do not collide.
  • Others argue that spins do not imply that electrons move in opposite directions and challenge the analogy of electrons orbiting like planets.
  • One participant explains that electrons are point-like particles that exert repulsive electric forces, which become infinite as their distance approaches zero, contributing to their non-collision.
  • It is noted that electrons are fermions and experience exchange forces that prevent them from occupying the same quantum state, which is defined by four quantum numbers.
  • A later reply seeks clarification on the meaning of spin quantum numbers and suggests a classical analogy of spin as a sphere rotating around its axis.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the interpretation of electron spin and its implications for electron behavior. There is no consensus on the explanations provided, and multiple competing perspectives remain unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Some claims rely on specific interpretations of quantum mechanics, and the discussion includes assumptions about electron behavior that may not be universally accepted. The analogy of electron motion and the implications of spin are particularly contentious.

koolraj
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As explained by Max Plank for every orbit having two electrons in
it, have 2 spins quantum numbers. And they are always 1/2 and
-1/2.It just means that the two electrons move in opposite
directions in orbit. Then why don’t they collide?
 
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No it was not Planck.

Secondly, the spins does not mean that they move in opposite directions.

Third, electrons does not orbit around the atomic nucleus as planets around the sun.
 
Everything malawi_glenn says is true. Electrons are point like particles which exert repulsive electric forces. As the distance between the electrons goes to zero, the repulsive force becomes infinite. In addition to the electromagnetic forces, electrons are fermions (spin 1/2) and so they experience a purely quantum mechanical effect called an exchange force which prevents them from being "in the same state." The tricky thing is that, in quantum mechanics, being in the same statedoes not mean being in the same position. Electron states in an atom are determined by four numbers, which are usually chosen to be energy, total anular momentum, orbital anglar momentum in one direction, and spin angular momentum in one direction. Exchange forces prevent any two electrons from having the same four numbers, and this is why two electrons ith the same energy and angular momentum must have different spins.

Edit: Sorry for the typos, keyboard problems.
 
I received this message:

malawi_glenn said:
koolraj said:
so, if the spins does not mean that they move in opposite directions, then what does spin qauntum numbers signify(+1/2 and -1/2)?

Ask in the forum...

The spin quantum numbers in the classical sense is that of a sphere spinning around its own axis... Spin +1/2 is then spinning in the righthand way, and -1/2 lefthand way.
 

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