Why isnt there a dps3d hybridisation?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the absence of dsp3d hybridization in coordination chemistry, particularly in the context of transition metals. Participants explore the concepts of inner and outer d-orbitals and their roles in hybridization schemes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the existence of dsp3d hybridization and seeks reasons for its absence.
  • Another participant asks for clarification on the terms "inner" and "outer" d-orbitals and requests examples of complexes.
  • A participant explains that transition metals like Fe, Mn, Co, and Cr utilize either 3d or 4d orbitals in complex formation, mentioning specific hybridizations such as sp3d2 and dsp2.
  • One participant argues that the concept of outer and inner complexes is outdated, suggesting a focus on high spin and low spin complexes instead.
  • A later reply suggests that the significant differences in size and energy between 3d and 4d orbitals prevent them from contributing equally to hybrid orbitals, indicating that outer d orbitals are generally too high in energy to participate effectively in bonding.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the relevance of d orbital hybridization and the classification of complexes, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain without consensus on the existence of dsp3d hybridization.

Contextual Notes

Some limitations include the dependence on definitions of inner and outer orbitals, and the unresolved status of hybridization concepts in modern coordination chemistry.

jd12345
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I know questions of "why" regarding micriscopic world can't be generally answered but still any reason why dsp3d hybridisation isn't there.
I was studying coordination chemistry and there is outer orbital complex consisting only of outer d-orbitals and inner orbital complex consisting of only inner d-orbital so i was wondering if there is both - a dsp3d hybridisation
 
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What do you mean with inner and outer d orbitals. Can you provide some examples of the kind of complexes you are talking about?
 
in transition metals like Fe , Mn, Co, Cr when complex are formed it either uses the 3d orbital or the 4d orbital ( talking of the 3d series metals)
there can be sp3d2 hybridisation or sp3d (here the 4d orbital is used so its outer orbital complex) while in dsp2 and d2sp3 its is inner d-orbital complex

However this is not much relevant to my question.
I was simply asking - " Why isn't there a dsp3d hybridisation"?
 
Nowadays (later than, say, 1960) no one would any longer assume that 4d orbitals play any role in the bonding in transition metals from the first row, neither is d orbital hybridization relevant in main group elements.
The whole concept of outer and inner complexes is also dubious. Nowadays one would rather distinguish between high spin and low spin complexes.
 
jd12345 said:
I was simply asking - " Why isn't there a dsp3d hybridisation"?

The 3d and 4d orbitals are of vastly different size and energy in the same element. Hence not both of them can contribute on an equal footing in a hybrid orbital. Generally the outer d orbitals are energetically too high and too diffuse to participate in bonding (though they contribute some percent to bonding energy as polarization functions).
 
ok thank you
 

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