Zeeman Splitting: Para & Orthohelium Transitions

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on Zeeman splitting in parahelium and orthohelium, specifically identifying energy level transitions that produce the first lines of the principal, sharp, diffuse, and fundamental series. Parahelium atoms consistently produce singlet states due to antiparallel electron spins, while orthohelium atoms yield triplet states from parallel electron spins. The fine structure associated with these transitions is crucial for understanding the spectral lines produced in these helium isotopes.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics and atomic structure
  • Familiarity with Zeeman effect and energy level diagrams
  • Knowledge of parahelium and orthohelium characteristics
  • Basic concepts of fine structure in atomic spectra
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Zeeman effect in detail, focusing on its impact on atomic transitions
  • Learn to construct and interpret energy level diagrams for multi-electron atoms
  • Research the differences between singlet and triplet states in quantum mechanics
  • Explore the fine structure of spectral lines in helium and other noble gases
USEFUL FOR

Students of quantum mechanics, physicists specializing in atomic physics, and researchers interested in the spectral analysis of helium isotopes.

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Homework Statement




Hi, I have this question which I need some help on:


(Q) With the aid of an energy level diagram identify the transitions which give rise to the first line of the principal, sharp, diffuse and fundamental series in parahelium and in orthohelium. Also identify the form of the fine structure associated with each line (i.e. are the lines singlets, triplets, sextuplets, etc...?)



Do all parahelium atoms produce singlet states due to the fact that electrons have a spin antiparallel to the ground state electron. And do all orthohelium atoms produce triplet states due to the fact electron have a spin parallel to the ground state electron?

I think I'm wrong in saying that and there is something vital which I'm missing out.

Thanks.
 
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