Clarifying Open String Hamiltonian for Witten's Book

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Discussion Overview

The discussion focuses on the open string Hamiltonian as presented in Witten's book, particularly addressing the implications of the Virasoro constraint and whether the Hamiltonian is zero. The scope includes theoretical aspects of string theory and Hamiltonian mechanics.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents the open string Hamiltonian and questions its validity under the Virasoro constraint, suggesting it may lead to a zero Hamiltonian.
  • Another participant asserts that the Hamiltonian is indeed zero on shell for systems with diffeomorphism invariance, referencing general relativity as a related example.
  • Further contributions suggest that any parametrization invariance results in a vanishing Hamiltonian, with a simple point particle offered as an analogy.
  • A later post introduces a new topic regarding the Virasoro operators and the mass of the string, indicating a shift in focus from the Hamiltonian discussion.
  • Additional references are provided for further reading on the mass of an open string, both classically and quantum mechanically.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of the Virasoro constraint on the Hamiltonian, with some asserting it is zero while others provide examples of systems where this holds true. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the broader implications for string theory.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the assumptions underlying the Virasoro constraint or the conditions under which the Hamiltonian is considered zero. There may be dependencies on specific definitions and interpretations within string theory.

Who May Find This Useful

Readers interested in string theory, Hamiltonian mechanics, and the implications of diffeomorphism invariance may find this discussion relevant.

cuerdero
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trying to get the open string hamiltonian I use
<br /> H=\int\,d\sigma(\dot{X}.P_{\tau}-L)=\frac{T}{2}\int(\dot{X}^{2}+X&#039;^{2})d\sigma<br />
as in Witten´s book, but we are integrating the Virasoro constraint equal to zero.
So, Is not the Hamiltonian zero?
Please, clarifyme this equation.
 
Last edited:
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Please, I can´t get the answer..
Thank you
 
Yes, it's zero! In fact the Hamiltonian is zero (on shell) for any system with diffeomorphism invariance. In the Hamiltonian formulation of general relativity, the Hamiltonian is also zero. (Therefore it doesn't make much sense to talk about energy in GR, though people can get agitated about this issue...)
 
Yeah any parametrization invariance leads to this. You can consider just a simple point particle, not even a string, for the hamiltonian to vanish.
 
See the end of this page

http://www.physics.thetangentbundle.net/wiki/String_theory/relativistic_point_particle/action
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Thanks to everyone, it was really helpful...but my next question is:
what about the Virasoro operators and the mass of the string?
 
http://www.scribd.com/doc/17025413/A-First-Course-in-String-Theory-2nd-Edition-Cambridge-2009" derives the mass of an open string, first classically (equation 9.83) and then quantum mechanically (equation 12.108). We can discuss the logic of this derivation if you like.
 
Last edited by a moderator:
thanks a lot..now I can see it better
 

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