1D Groundstate wavefunction always even for even potential?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the properties of ground-state wavefunctions in one-dimensional quantum systems with even potentials. Participants explore whether the ground-state wavefunction is always even and seek rigorous proofs or counterexamples regarding the nature of these wavefunctions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Wavelet observes that for a one-dimensional system with an even potential, the ground-state wavefunction has always been even and questions if this is universally true or if there are exceptions.
  • Avodyne states that for a Hamiltonian of the form H = p^2/2m + V(x), the ground-state wavefunction has no nodes, implying it must be even if the potential is even.
  • Anton seeks a rigorous proof that the ground-state wavefunction is always even for any even potential, expressing dissatisfaction with existing references and asking for further guidance on this topic.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing levels of certainty regarding the universality of the even nature of ground-state wavefunctions, with some asserting it as a general rule while others seek more rigorous validation.

Contextual Notes

Anton notes that existing proofs may not adequately cover specific cases, such as V(x)=A*x^4-B*x^2, indicating potential limitations in the current understanding or available literature.

Who May Find This Useful

Readers interested in quantum mechanics, particularly those studying wavefunctions and potentials in one-dimensional systems, may find this discussion relevant.

Wavelet
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Hi!
I have calculated various eigenstate wavefunctions for a one-dimensional system of a particle in a potential. The potential is an even function.
All the wavefunctions have become either even or odd functions which I understand why. The ground-state wavefunction has always been even, is this always the case and if so why? If not does anyone know of a system with odd ground-state wavefunction?

Thanks in advance,
Wavelet
 
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For a hamiltonian of the form H = p^2/2m + V(x) in one dimension, the ground state wave function has no nodes (that is, is never zero). So, if it must be odd or even (as it must if V is even), then it has to be even.

I don't have time now to type in a proof that the ground state wave function has no nodes, but it shouldn't be hard to find one on the web somewhere.
 
Thanks!
 
Hi Avodyne,

Good whatever time of day it is where you are.

I'm searching for a rigorous proof of the fact that for any even potential the ground state wave function is always even. Non-relativistic 1 dimensional case proof would be fine for me. Landau Lifschitz, volume #3 the next paragraph after (21.8) equation, produces a proof (if it can be called a proof), but it's not enough for example for V(x)=A*x^4-B*x^2 case.

So could you direct me in this search? A book or web-site?

With best regards,
Anton
 

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