1D kinematics - finding g from time traveled

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the acceleration due to gravity (g) using time measurements from a projectile's motion. The derived formula is g = 8h / (T_A^2 - T_B^2), where h is the height difference between two lines A and B, and T_A and T_B are the times taken to pass these lines. The problem is based on Kleppner's physics textbook, specifically problem 1.12 from the 2010 edition. The solution involves applying kinematic equations and analyzing the motion of the projectile in both upward and downward trajectories.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of 1D kinematics
  • Familiarity with kinematic equations, specifically y = y_0 + v_0 t - (1/2) g t^2
  • Knowledge of projectile motion concepts
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic expressions for solving equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of kinematic equations in detail
  • Learn about the concept of free fall and its implications in physics
  • Explore the use of time-of-flight measurements in experimental physics
  • Investigate the impact of air resistance on projectile motion
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics courses, educators teaching kinematics, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of projectile motion and gravity measurement techniques.

swevener
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Homework Statement


This is from Kleppner, problem 1.12 in the 2010 edition, if you want to see the diagram.

The acceleration of gravity can be measured by projecting a body upward and measuring the time that it takes to pass two given points in both directions. Show that if the time the body takes to pass a horizontal line ##A## in both directions is ##T_A##, and the time to go by a second line ##B## in both directions is ##T_B##, then, assuming that the acceleration is constant, its magnitude is
[tex]g = \frac{8 h}{T_A^2 - T_B^2},[/tex]where ##h## is the height of line ##B## above line ##A##.

Homework Equations


##y = y_0 + \dot{y}_0 t - \frac12 g t^2##

##\dot{y} = \dot{y}_0 - g t##

The Attempt at a Solution


Since we're only interested in what happens above height ##A##, I'm going to make that my zero height, so the total flight time is ##T_A##, making the time for the body to reach its max height ##T_A / 2##. From that I can get the initial velocity from ##\dot{y} = 0 = \dot{y}_0 - g ( T_A / 2 )##, giving me
[tex]\dot{y}_0 = \frac{g T_A}{2}.[/tex] So now I've got an equation for height
[tex]y = \frac{g}{2} ( T_A t - t^2 ),[/tex]which I can use to find an expression for the max height by plugging in ##t = T_A / 2##:
[tex]y_{\text{max}} = \frac{g}{2} \left( T_A \frac{T_A}{2} - \frac{T_A^2}{4} \right) = \frac{g T_A^2}{8}.[/tex]
I also want to know how long it takes to get to ##B##; I'll call that ##t_h##. Plugging that into my height equation,
[tex]h = \frac{g}{2} ( T_A t_h - t_h^2 ),[/tex] and solving for ##t_h## I get
[tex]t_h = \frac{T_A}{2} \pm \frac12 \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}},[/tex] the minus term being the time it takes to reach ##B## the first time and plus term the time it takes to reach ##B## the second time.

Now I'm going to focus on ##B##. I can get another expression for the max height by using time ##T_B/2## and initial velocity ##\dot{y}_B = \dot{y}_0 - g t_h##. Plugging in everything I have so far,
[tex]\dot{y}_B = \frac{g T_A}{2} - \left( \frac{g T_A}{2} - \frac12 \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}} \right) = \frac12 \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}}.[/tex]And the equation for max height is
[tex]y_{\text{max}} = \frac{T_B}{2} \frac12 \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}} - \frac{g}{2} \frac{T_B^2}{4} = \frac{T_B}{4} \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}} - \frac{g T_B^2}{8} = \frac{g T_A^2}{8}.[/tex]Simplifying,
[tex]T_B \sqrt{T_A^2 - \frac{8 h}{g}} = \frac{g}{2} ( T_A^2 + T_B^2 ).[/tex]
Here's where I'm stymied. If there's a way to solve that for ##g##, I don't know it, and the magic equation-solving machines don't spit out anything nice, certainly not the given solution. So I suppose I've gone astray somewhere. Help?
 
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Looks overly complicated.

Hint: View the body as it falls, starting from the highest point.
 
Solved it. Thanks.
 

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