Adiabatic, Isothermal and Isochoric Processes

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas with specific heat capacity Cv = (5/2)R and adiabatic index Υ = 1.40. The gas undergoes an adiabatic expansion to a pressure of 1.0*10^5 Pa and a volume of 2.0 m³, followed by an isothermal contraction at T = 300K to a volume of 1.0 m³, and concludes with isochoric heating. The calculated heat transfer (Q) during the isochoric heating is determined to be approximately 1.5*10^5 J, with the correct answer being 1.6*10^5 J, indicating a need for precision in calculations, particularly in pressure rounding.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of ideal gas laws and equations (PV = nRT)
  • Knowledge of thermodynamic processes: adiabatic, isothermal, and isochoric
  • Familiarity with specific heat capacities (Cv and Cp) and their significance
  • Ability to perform calculations involving pressure, volume, and temperature relationships
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of the ideal gas law in various thermodynamic processes
  • Learn about the implications of rounding in thermodynamic calculations
  • Explore the differences between isochoric and isobaric processes in detail
  • Investigate the concept of heat transfer in thermodynamic systems, particularly during phase changes
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics and engineering, particularly those studying thermodynamics, ideal gas behavior, and heat transfer principles.

jlhannah
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Homework Statement



An ideal gas with Cv = (5/2)R, and Υ = 1.40 undergoes an adiabatic expansion until it has a pressure of 1.0*10^5 Pa and a volume of 2.0m^3. It then undergoes an isothermal contraction of T=300K until it has a volume of 1.0m^3, and then undergoes an isochoric (constant volume) heating until it reaches its original pressure and temperature.

What is Q during the isochoric heating?

Homework Equations



These are the previous questions that I have already answered and know are correct.

What is the pressure in the gas before the start of the adiabatic expansion?
2.6*10^5 Pa

How much work is done by the gas during the isothermal contraction?
-1.4*10^5 J

The Attempt at a Solution



At the start of the isothermal contraction (number of moles)-
PV = nRT
n = PV/RT
n = (1.0*10^5)(2.0)/(8.314)(300)
n = 80.19

At the start of the adiabatic expansion (finding final temp for isochoric heating)–
PV = nRT
T = PV/nR
T = (2.6*10^5)(1.0)/(8.314)(80.19)
T = 389.98

For the isochoric heating –

Q = nCvΔT
=(80.19)(5/2)(8.314)(389.98 – 300)
= 1.5*10^5 J

The correct answer is 1.6 * 10^5 J, so I am not really sure where I have gone wrong!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
You rounded off the initial pressure too early. Keep two more digits.

ehild
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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