Analytic verification of Kramers-Kronig Relations

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on demonstrating that the real and imaginary parts of the susceptibility function, defined as $$ \chi(\omega) = \frac{\omega_{p}^2}{(\omega_0^2-\omega^2)+i\gamma\omega} $$, satisfy the Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations using the residue theorem. The K-K relations are expressed as integrals involving the real part $$ \chi_r(\omega) $$ and the imaginary part $$ \chi_i(\omega) $$. The analysis reveals that there are five poles associated with the susceptibility function, but only two poles are relevant for the contour integration, leading to a conclusion that the residues calculated using Mathematica yield zero for most poles except one.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of complex analysis and residue theorem
  • Familiarity with Kramers-Kronig relations
  • Proficiency in using Mathematica for symbolic calculations
  • Knowledge of susceptibility functions in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the residue theorem in complex analysis
  • Explore detailed derivations of Kramers-Kronig relations
  • Learn advanced features of Mathematica for complex function analysis
  • Investigate the physical implications of susceptibility functions in optics
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, graduate students in physics, and researchers working on complex analysis or optical properties of materials will benefit from this discussion.

Septim
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Homework Statement


Show that the real and imaginary parts of the following susceptibility function satisfy the K-K relationships. Use the residue theorem.
$$ \chi(\omega) = \frac{\omega_{p}^2}{(\omega_0^2-\omega^2)+i\gamma\omega} $$

Homework Equations



The Kramers-Kronig relations are

$$ \chi_r(\omega) = \frac{1}{\pi} P \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\bar{\omega} \frac{\chi_i(\bar{\omega})}{\bar{\omega}-\omega} $$
$$ \chi_i(\omega) = -\frac{1}{\pi} P \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} d\bar{\omega} \frac{\chi_r(\bar{\omega})}{\bar{\omega}-\omega} $$

The Attempt at a Solution


The problem is that my complex calculus is pretty rusty and I do not know which poles contribute exactly. There are 5 poles in total 4 from the susceptibility function and 1 from the denominator(see the expressions please). The poles are
$$\pm \gamma \pm i\frac{\sqrt{4\omega_0^2-\gamma}}{2} $$

I calculated the residues that are on the negative imaginary $\omega$ plane on Mathematica and they turned out to be zero except the pole at $\omega$ which is the value of the integral using the principal rule in Mathematica. Is this analytically tractable easily? I appreciate any assistance you provide.

Many thanks,
 
Septim said:
$$ \chi(\omega) = \frac{\omega_{p}^2}{(\omega_0^2-\omega^2)+i\gamma\omega} $$
There are 5 poles in total 4 from the susceptibility function and 1 from the denominator(see the expressions please).

## \chi(\omega)## has only two poles. If you locate these poles, you will see that you can choose the contour so that it doesn't enclose either of these two poles.
 

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