...Antigravity and the impossibility arguments
Proposed by Morrison [7] in a celebrated paper, antigravity is known to violate the sacrosanct CPT symmetry, contradict the results of the Eötvös-Dicke-Panov experiments [10], exclude the existence of the long-lived component in the neutral kaon system in the presence of the Earth gravitational field [8], violate energy conservation and imply vacuum instability [7,11]. The arguments against antigravity then appear to be so compelling that it may seem presomptuous or even foolish to reconsider them
[12]. However, Nieto and Goldman have recently reviewed critically these arguments [13] and we refer the reader to their recent review for a thorough discussion and an historical perspective on these impossibility arguments (see also Ref. 14). Here, we will only insist on the points necessary to the following discussion and on those parts of Nieto and Goldman's review with which we disagree. Concerning the first two impossibility arguments, let it suffice to say that the CPT theorem has not generally been demonstrated on curved spacetime and that the ineluctability of a past singularity imposed by the theorems of Penrose and Hawking [15] make it doubtful that the CPT
theorem can ever be demonstrated without modification for gravitation 16,17].
Similarly, Goldman and Nieto have repeatedly stressed [18] that Schiff's argument on the Eötvös-Dicke-Panov experiments [10] is invalid because of his incorrect renormalization procedure. Attempts have been made to consider some adjustable vector interaction which, added to the tensor (and therefore always attractive) interaction dictated by general relativity, would lead to a violation of the equivalence principle applied to matter and antimatter. This arbitrariness is aesthetically objectionable, but Morrison's original antigravity [7] appears even worse : Goldman 3 and Nieto themselves reject the possibility of such a gross violation of the equivalence principle where antimatter would “fall up”, the total force on a static e+ e– pair, e.g.,being zero, since it would lead to a violation of energy conservation. We will come back later to the argument of energy non-conservation and first turn to Good's argument which appears to impose the most stringent constraint on antigravity.