The discussion centers on the distinction between an aqueous solution and a liquid solution. An aqueous solution specifically refers to a solution where water is the solvent, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissolved in water. In contrast, a liquid solution can utilize any liquid as a solvent, including organic solvents like ethanol or acetone. The term "liquid" describes a state of matter, while "aqueous" indicates the presence of water as the solvent. The process of dissolving involves creating a homogeneous mixture, where the solute (the substance being dissolved) integrates into the solvent. This process is not limited to solids; gases can also dissolve in liquids, as exemplified by carbon dioxide in water. The conversation also touches on the importance of clarity in defining terms like "dissolved," emphasizing that it refers to achieving a single-phase mixture, regardless of the states of the solute and solvent.