Associated Legendre Polynomial Identity

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on proving the identity involving associated Legendre polynomials, specifically the equation: h_n(kr)P_n^m(cosθ) = \frac{(-i)^{n+1}}{\pi}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{ikzt}K_m(kργ(t))P_n^m(t) dt. The identity raises questions about the validity of the associated Legendre function for arguments where |x|>1. Key components include the spherical Hankel function h_n(x), the modified cylindrical Bessel function K_m(x), and the function γ(t) defined piecewise. A reference to a relevant paper, "One- and two-dimensional lattice sums for the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation," is provided for further exploration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of associated Legendre polynomials and their properties
  • Familiarity with spherical Hankel functions, specifically h_n(x)
  • Knowledge of modified cylindrical Bessel functions, particularly K_m(x)
  • Basic grasp of integral calculus and complex analysis
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties and applications of associated Legendre polynomials
  • Learn about the derivation and applications of spherical Hankel functions
  • Investigate the modified cylindrical Bessel function K_m(x) and its significance in physics
  • Read the paper "One- and two-dimensional lattice sums for the three-dimensional Helmholtz equation" for context on the integral mentioned
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers working with wave equations, particularly those focusing on spherical harmonics and their applications in quantum mechanics and electromagnetism.

HasuChObe
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Does anyone know how to prove this identity? I don't quote understand why the associated Legendre function is allowed to have arguments where |x|>1.
<br /> h_n(kr)P_n^m(\cos\theta)=\frac{(-i)^{n+1}}{\pi}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{ikzt}K_m(k\rho\gamma(t))P_n^m(t)\,dt<br />

where
<br /> \gamma(t)=\begin{cases}<br /> \sqrt{t^2-1} &amp; |t|\ge 1 \\<br /> -i\sqrt{1-t^2} &amp; |t|&lt;1<br /> \end{cases} \\<br /> \rho=\sqrt{x^2+y^2} \\<br /> r=\sqrt{\rho^2+z^2} \\<br /> \cos\theta=\frac{z}{r}<br />

and k is the wavenumber, h_n(x) is the spherical hankel function of the first kind, and K_m(x) is the modified cylindrical bessel function of the second kind.
 
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could not find it in my copy of Watson, can you give a reference where you found this integral to start??
 

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