Average acceleration of an arrow by a bow

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the average acceleration of an arrow shot from a bow, using the formula for distance and acceleration. The initial calculation suggests an acceleration of 3750 m/s² based on the assumption of constant acceleration. However, participants clarify that the force exerted by the bowstring decreases as it relaxes, indicating that the arrow experiences non-constant acceleration. They also emphasize the need for proper use of parentheses in the equations to adhere to standard order of operations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of kinematic equations, specifically for constant acceleration
  • Familiarity with the concept of simple harmonic motion (SHM)
  • Knowledge of basic physics principles related to forces and motion
  • Proficiency in mathematical operations and order of operations
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of variable acceleration on projectile motion
  • Learn about simple harmonic motion and its applications in physics
  • Study the principles of force exerted by elastic materials, such as bowstrings
  • Explore advanced kinematic equations for non-constant acceleration scenarios
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in the mechanics of projectile motion, particularly in the context of archery and the dynamics of bowstrings.

rxhim631
Messages
1
Reaction score
0
Homework Statement
An arrow is accelerated for a distance of 75 cm [fwd] while it is on the bow. If the arrow leaves the bow at a velocity of 75 m/s [fwd], what is the average acceleration while on the bow?
Relevant Equations
Distance= (Intial Velocity + Final Velocity / 2) Time

Acceleration = (Final Velocity + Intial Velocity) / Time
Distance= (Intial Velocity + Final Velocity / 2) Time

0.75 = (0+75 / 2) Time

0.75 = (37.5) Time

0.02 seconds = Time

Acceleration = (Final Velocity + Intial Velocity) / Time

Acceleration = (75 - 0) / 0.02

Acceleration = 3750 m/s2

Idk if this is correct can someone help pls.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
rxhim631 said:
Relevant Equations:: Distance= (Intial Velocity + Final Velocity / 2) Time
This equation is not true in general. It is valid for the case of constant acceleration along a line. A bow string will exert a force on the arrow that decreases in strength as the string relaxes. So, the arrow will have a non-constant acceleration while it is being pushed by the string. This means that the above equation is not actually valid. However, it could be that this is an exercise where they want you to treat the arrow as having a constant acceleration. Otherwise, I don't think there is enough information to work the problem.

Another somewhat picky point is that you need to include additional parentheses to conform to standard conventions for "order of operations":

Distance= ((Intial Velocity + Final Velocity) / 2) Time

rxhim631 said:
Acceleration = (Final Velocity + Intial Velocity) / Time
Did you mean to type a minus sign instead of the plus sign?

Your calculation looks OK. I think your final answer is correct if we can assume that the acceleration is constant.
 
  • Like
Likes Lnewqban and rsk
If we make the reasonable assumption that the motion is approximately SHM, the average acceleration is ##4/\pi## times as much.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

Similar threads

  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
913
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
1K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
6K
Replies
18
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
3K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K