High School Big Bang Question -- How was the first matter formed?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the formation of matter during the Big Bang, specifically addressing the processes of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) that produced the first light elements: hydrogen (H), helium (He), and lithium (Li). Participants debated the nature of the universe's expansion, whether it is finite or infinite, and the implications of these concepts on cosmological models. Key references include "The First Three Minutes" by Steven Weinberg and a paper titled "Misconceptions About the Big Bang" by Charles Lineweaver and Tamara Davis, which provide foundational insights into these topics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN)
  • Familiarity with cosmological models, particularly the FLRW model
  • Basic knowledge of nuclear reactions and particle physics
  • Awareness of the concepts of finite vs. infinite universes
NEXT STEPS
  • Read "The First Three Minutes" by Steven Weinberg for insights into early universe conditions
  • Explore the FLRW model to understand the implications of finite and infinite universes
  • Investigate the processes of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in detail
  • Review "Misconceptions About the Big Bang" by Lineweaver and Davis for common misunderstandings in cosmology
USEFUL FOR

Astronomers, cosmologists, physics students, and anyone interested in the origins of the universe and the fundamental processes that led to the formation of matter.

  • #61
horacio torres said:
It means that we are like bacterium compare with the all universe that we actual see it is an real big one space with spot every 300 mm Years light of matter and energy.
What's your point? Are you just being nihilistic or is it something else?
 
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  • #62
phinds said:
To me, that question reads exactly as follows "if the universe were almost flat why would it be a coincidence that it is almost flat?"
I merely quoted your statement. If it's almost flat it surely is not a coincidence we measure it close to flat.
 
  • #63
JandeWandelaar said:
I merely quoted your statement. If it's almost flat it surely is not a coincidence we measure it close to flat.
You're missing the point. There are an infinite number of values that flatness COULD have. The coincidence would be that it just HAPPENS to be almost exactly flat to within our ability to measure it instead of any of the other infinite values it could have.
 
  • #64
JandeWandelaar said:
I merely quoted your statement. If it's almost flat it surely is not a coincidence we measure it close to flat.
No, you either misread it, misunderstood it, or willfully misrepresented it. Neither of which is very constructive to further the conversation.
 
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  • #65
phinds said:
You're missing the point. There are an infinite number of values that flatness COULD have. The coincidence would be that it just HAPPENS to be almost exactly flat to within our ability to measure it instead of any of the other infinite values it could have.
Without knowing the distribution of values that the flatness could have, it is perhaps premature to be using uppercase letters to express amazement that the flatness is zero to within the sensitivity of our measurements.
 
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  • #66
jbriggs444 said:
Without knowing the distribution of values that the flatness could have, it is perhaps premature to be using uppercase letters to express amazement that the flatness is zero to within the sensitivity of our measurements.
I mean, one of the purposes of inflation is to drive the universe undistinguishably close to flatness from basically any other curvature distribution. It all depends on what one assumes, but almost any distribution that is somewhat ”natural” without additional mechanisms such as inflation will typically result in larger expected deviations.
 
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  • #67
phinds said:
And they might add that of ALL the infinite values it COULD have, the fact that it is flat within our ability to measure it is just one HELL of a co-incidence if it's not actually flat. That's not any kind of proof but it sure is suggestive.
There are more almost flat universes than universes with small radius.
Orodruin said:
I mean, one of the purposes of inflation is to drive the universe undistinguishably close to flatness from basically any other curvature distribution
Is it the purpose of inflation or the effect of inflation that the universe is driven to (close to) flatness? Or was it invented with the purpose of explaining observed flatness? Maybe it's just playing with words...
 
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  • #68
JandeWandelaar said:
Or was it invented with the purpose of explaining observed flatness?
Well, yes and no. Guth "invented" it to explain flatness but it was then discovered that it ALSO explains other serious problems so it is a highly favored theory, albeit not proven.
https://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/bb_cosmo_infl.html

It is definitely not just playing with words.
 
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  • #69
JandeWandelaar said:
There are more almost flat universes than universes with small radius.
According to what measure?

JandeWandelaar said:
Is it the purpose of inflation or the effect of inflation that the universe is driven to (close to) flatness? Or was it invented with the purpose of explaining observed flatness? Maybe it's just playing with words...
You are just playing with words. Obviously no physical model has any form of deeper purpose other than describing observations.
 
  • #70
Orodruin said:
Obviously no physical model has any form of deeper purpose other than describing observations.
I think this is not so obvious. Besides describing the observations the model can show us what reality looks like.

But let's not go philosophical...
 

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