Brain's Gray Matter: Why is it Gray?

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SUMMARY

The brain's gray matter is indeed gray in appearance, primarily due to the presence of non-myelinated neurons. In contrast, white matter consists of myelinated neurons, which appear brighter. The color of brain tissue can be affected by fixatives like formalin or paraformaldehyde, which can impart a yellowish hue. Additionally, the spinal cord appears whiter than the brain due to a higher concentration of myelinated axons on its exterior.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of neuroanatomy, specifically gray and white matter
  • Knowledge of myelination and its effects on neural tissue appearance
  • Familiarity with brain fixation techniques, such as formalin and paraformaldehyde
  • Basic concepts of spinal cord structure and function
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the differences between gray matter and white matter in the brain
  • Explore the effects of various fixatives on brain tissue color
  • Learn about the role of myelin in neural conduction and its impact on brain appearance
  • Investigate the structural differences between the brain and spinal cord
USEFUL FOR

Students of neuroscience, medical professionals, and anyone interested in the structural characteristics of the brain and spinal cord.

timejim
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I hope this question doesn't sound too stupid but is the brain really gray? That is, is the brain tissue itself gray in appearance? If it is, why is it?
If it is, is it the only human organ that is Gray?
 
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The brain on the left in that link looks like one that's been soaked in or perfused with formalin or paraformaldehyde. Those fixatives give the brain a yellowish color. The image on the right looks like a lighting issue. A fresh brain looks only slightly grayish. White, myelinated fiber tracts are only slightly brighter white looking, but the color difference is visible. Gray matter is non-myelinated neurons and white matter is myelinated neurons. The spinal cord, in comparison, looks much whiter than the brain because it contains far more myelinated axons and they are on the outside. If you cut a cross section of a spinal cord, the center looks more gray, where there is less myelination.
 

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