Burn efficiency in Inertial Confinement Fusion

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the definitions of burn-up fraction in inertial confinement fusion (ICF), specifically distinguishing between the fraction of target mass that burns and the fraction calculated based on number densities. The relationship between these two definitions in non-equimolar cases is explored, emphasizing the importance of stoichiometry in the D+T fusion reaction. The key reactions mentioned include D+T, D+D, and T+T, with the latter two having lower cross-sections, impacting fusion efficiency.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of inertial confinement fusion (ICF)
  • Familiarity with burn-up fraction definitions
  • Knowledge of stoichiometry in chemical reactions
  • Basic principles of fusion reactions, specifically D+T fusion
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the Lawson criterion for fusion energy breakeven
  • Study the effects of stoichiometry on fusion reaction efficiency
  • Explore the differences between D+T, D+D, and T+T fusion reactions
  • Investigate methods for achieving optimal number densities in fusion plasmas
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Physicists, fusion researchers, and students studying inertial confinement fusion and its efficiency metrics.

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TL;DR
we have two different definitions for burn-up fraction related to inertial confinement fusion

the fraction of the target mass that burns

a fraction that is calculated on number densities
we have two different definitions for burn-up fraction related to inertial confinement fusion

the fraction of the target mass that burns

a fraction that is calculated on number densities

how are these two related in non-equimolar case?
 
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lia2 said:
TL;DR Summary: we have two different definitions for burn-up fraction related to inertial confinement fusion

the fraction of the target mass that burns

a fraction that is calculated on number densities

how are these two related in non-equimolar case?
One would consider the stoichiometry of the mixture. The key reaction is D+T (d+t), other side reactions would be d+d or t+t, which both have lower cross-sections (probability of interaction by fusion). So, one would try to maintain stoichiometry with nd = nt, usually as a mixed gas, or as DT molecule, which would then dissociate when entering the hot plasma.
 
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