Calculating Centripetal Force on Moon & Earth: Mass, Distance, and Acceleration

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the centripetal force acting on the Moon and the radius of the Earth's circular path due to its gravitational interaction with the Moon. The mass of the Moon is established as 7.35 x 10^22 kg, and it orbits the Earth at an average distance of 3.84 x 10^5 km in 27.3 days. The centripetal force is calculated using the formula F = M(v^2)/r, while the relationship between the Earth's and Moon's forces is explored through the equation Me*ω^2*r = Mm*ω^2*(d-r), where ω represents angular velocity. The discussion highlights the need for further understanding of the radius of the Earth's path in relation to the Moon's orbit.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of centripetal force calculations
  • Familiarity with angular velocity concepts
  • Knowledge of gravitational interactions between celestial bodies
  • Basic proficiency in algebra and physics equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and application of centripetal force formulas
  • Learn about the concept of center of mass in two-body systems
  • Explore the relationship between angular velocity and orbital radius
  • Investigate gravitational force calculations between Earth and Moon
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Students studying physics, particularly those focused on celestial mechanics, as well as educators and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of gravitational interactions between the Earth and the Moon.

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Homework Statement



I)The mass of the moon is 7.35*10^22 kg. In inertial coordinates, the moon orbits the Earth in 27.3 days at an average distance of 3.84*10^5 kg. Calculate the centripetal force on the moon.
II)The mass of the moon is .0123 times that of earth. Since the Earth is experiencing the same magnitude of force, it too is being accelerated. In these inertial coordinates what is the radius of the circular path the Earth follows?

I calculated the first part easily, using F = M(v^2)/r and T = 2pr/v.

So the force acting on the Earth is the same magnitude as the one I calculated in part I. However, I have no idea how to relate the radius of the Earth's path in part II. I have two unknowns for the Earth's velocity, and radius, and so I am not sure how to approach this problem with my current knowledge. I'm not sure if I'm missing something conceptual, or missing a formula here. Any help would be appreciated.
 
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When the moon moves around earth, the center of mass of Earth and moon remains at rest.
The Earth rotates around this center of mass. If its distance from the center of the Earth is r, then
Me*ω^2*r = Mm*ω^2*(d-r), where ω is the angular velocity which is the same for moon and earth.
Now substitute the values and find r.
 

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