Calculating Halley's Comet Period and Next Approx. Viewing Date

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SUMMARY

Halley's Comet, with a semi-major axis of 17.96 AU and an eccentricity of 0.9673, passed perihelion on 9 February 1986. The period of Halley's Comet can be calculated using the formula T = 2π(sqrt(a^3/μ)), where μ is the standard gravitational parameter for the Sun, approximately 1.327E20 m³/s². The discussion clarifies that Halley's Comet orbits the Sun, not the Earth, which is crucial for accurate calculations. The next viewing date can be estimated based on its orbital period, which is approximately 76 years.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of orbital mechanics and Kepler's laws
  • Familiarity with gravitational parameters, specifically for celestial bodies
  • Basic knowledge of astronomical units (AU)
  • Ability to perform calculations involving square roots and pi
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the calculation of orbital periods using Kepler's Third Law
  • Learn about the gravitational parameters of various celestial bodies
  • Explore the historical observations and predictions of Halley's Comet
  • Study the effects of eccentricity on cometary orbits
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and anyone interested in celestial mechanics and the prediction of cometary appearances.

carney
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Homework Statement


Halley’s Comet passed perihelion on 9 February 1986. It has a semi-major axis
a = 17.96 AU and eccentricity e = 0.9673. (One astronomical unit (AU) is the distance
between the Earth and the Sun.) Calculate the period of Halley’s Comet and the
approximate date on which you might next see it.

Homework Equations



Period = T = 2pi(sqrt(a^3/u)

The Attempt at a Solution


I realize all this information is available over the internet but I need to work it out by hand.
I attempted this question first using the value for 'a' given and the standard gravitational parameter (u) of Earth 3.986E14 but realized this is wrong and that halley's comet would have a different value of (u). I assume the equation for the value of (u) of halley's comet will be related to its eccentricity but can't seem to work it out. Any ideas?
 
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In determining (u), what does Halley's comet orbit?
 
Janus said:
In determining (u), what does Halley's comet orbit?

i just assumed from the question that it was orbiting earth.
 
What do comets typically orbit?
 
Janus said:
What do comets typically orbit?

thats a very bad assumption. they orbit the sun and i can just look that value up. but using what I've been given and only those values is it possible to work this question out?
 
:eek:


It is an excellent assumption.

carney, I give you my blessing to assume your calculations are meant to have Halley's comet orbitng the Sun, not Earth.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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