Calculating pH: Vinegar and Ammonia Solution Equations

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To calculate the pH of a solution after adding vinegar to water, one must understand that pH is defined as -log [H+], which represents the concentration of hydrogen ions. The initial pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, while vinegar with a pH of 2.4 introduces a significant amount of hydrogen ions, requiring concentration calculations to determine the new pH. To return the pH to 7, ammonia with a pH of 11.6 must be added, necessitating further calculations of the concentrations of both the acid and base in the final mixture. It is crucial to consider that vinegar and ammonia are weak acid/base solutions, meaning simple concentration calculations may not suffice. Understanding these principles will enable the proper calculation of the pH changes in the solution.
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Homework Statement


I need to know how to do the following. If I have 1L of water with a pH of 7 and I add 1mL Vinegar with a pH of 2.4, what will the pH of the solution then be?
I now need to get the pH of the solution back to 7 by adding ammonia which has a pH of 11.6. How much of that do I need to add?


I don't need a solution to the problem, i just need to know the equations so that i can solve this problem.
 
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What is the definition of pH?
 
CompuChip said:
What is the definition of pH?

pH = please Help?? -.-
 
Hehe, that's not a definition, it's a corollary :P

The pH of a solution is defined as -log [H+], minus the base-10 log of the concentration of H-ions. The trick is now to work with the concentrations. How many moles per litre do you have in both substances? How many when you put it together? Then how much is there in a litre of the new mixture?
 
Just don't forget vinegar and ammonia both mean weak acid/base, so just using concentration won't work.
 

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