Calculating the Minimum Force for Box to Move at Constant Velocity

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the minimum force required for a box of mass M to move at constant velocity when a force F is applied at an angle θ below the horizontal. The coefficients of static and kinetic friction, μs and μk respectively, are critical in determining these forces. The minimum force to initiate movement is calculated using the formula μs*mg/cosθ - μssinθ, while the force for constant velocity utilizes μk instead of μs. Additionally, a critical angle θcrit exists beyond which it is impossible for the box to maintain constant velocity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Knowledge of static and kinetic friction coefficients (μs and μk)
  • Ability to perform trigonometric calculations involving angles
  • Familiarity with free body diagrams for force analysis
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Newton's laws in frictional scenarios
  • Learn how to derive critical angles in physics problems
  • Explore the differences between static and kinetic friction in detail
  • Practice solving problems involving forces at angles and their impact on motion
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of force analysis in real-world applications.

Watney
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Homework Statement


A force F is applied to a box of mass M at an angle θ below the horizontal (see figure). The coefficient of static friction between the box and the floor is μs, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between the two surfaces is μk.

a) What is the minimum value of F to get the box to start moving from rest?
b) What is the minimum value of F so that the box will move with constant velocity? (Assuming it's already moving.)
c) If θ is greater than some critical angle θcrit, it is impossible to have the scenario described in part b. What is θcrit ?

Homework Equations


I figured out part a which is μs*mg/cosθ-μssinθ. Then part b which is the same equation except with μk instead of μs.

The Attempt at a Solution


Honestly, I don't even know where to start. My professor has never gone over problems with critical angles. Is there a formula I can use to solve this?
 
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Watney said:
Honestly, I don't even know where to start
Look at your answer to part b. Part c is saying that if theta is too large then no F is large enough. At what value of theta does F get impossibly large?
 
Hi Watney, :welcome:
You start with a drawing (probably you did that already).
The formula you are looking for is called Newton's law. Constant velocity requires a zero sum of forces.

[edit] Ha! Haru was quicker and brought you even closer to your solution. Lucky you !
 

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