Can Reverse Polarity Charging Convert Old Lead Acid Batteries into Pure Pb?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the feasibility of converting old lead-acid batteries into pure lead through reverse polarity charging and other methods. Participants explore the chemical reactions involved, the composition of lead in batteries, and various reprocessing techniques.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether reverse polarity charging after removing the liquid from old batteries could yield pure lead, referencing standard chemical reactions.
  • Another participant argues that real batteries involve complex reactions and that the lead is typically alloyed with other metals, which complicates the process.
  • A different viewpoint suggests that reprocessing could involve removing electrodes, washing them, and smelting, although this may not yield pure lead due to residual alloying elements.
  • One participant challenges the previous claim, suggesting that smelting could produce a higher percentage of PbSO4 than anticipated, indicating a need for better recovery methods.
  • Another participant proposes a method to convert PbSO4 into lead during smelting by adding charcoal and sodium carbonate, detailing the chemical reactions involved and emphasizing the importance of controlling the carbon content.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the effectiveness of reverse polarity charging and smelting methods, with no consensus reached on the best approach to recover pure lead from old batteries.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the complexity of battery chemistry, the presence of alloying elements, and the potential for varying yields of lead and lead sulfate during reprocessing, highlighting the need for careful consideration of chemical reactions and material properties.

Ayman Saif
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Hello,
according to the lead acid battery standard equations
The overall chemical reaction is:

image026.gif


At the negative terminal the charge and discharge reactions are:

image027.gif


At the positive terminal the charge and discharge reactions are:

image028.gif


My Q?
If we empty all liquid from old battery and add H2O (water)
then charge with reverse polarity
can we get pure PB?
 
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Real batteries have a more complex set of reactions, so it is unlikely that anything depends on this simple set will work. Besides that, the lead plates are not elemental lead - the lead has been alloyed, most likely with antimony or calcium.
 
Lead in batteries is a sponge.
If I am to "reprocess" battery somehow, assuming that it is old, useless battery, I would remove electrodes, pour acid away, wash electrodes well with water , dry them well and simply smelt.
On the bottom would be molten lead and on the top some floating crappy. mostly PbSO4.
Such lead would not necessarily be a pure element, some alloyed additives, up to 2-5% of total mass could be left.
 
Martin , You are right that is good way , but smelting will produce more than 5% PbSO4 , maybe 20% , and that is my target how to recover this part and not loose
 
There is a way to convert most if not all PbSO4 into Pb during smelting by adding some charcoal and sodium carbonate into the mix.
At 800*C chemistry is as follows:
PbSO4 + C ---> PbO + CO + SO2
PbO + CO ---> Pb + CO2
PbSO4 + 4C ---> PbS + 4CO
PbS + 2PbO ---> 3Pb + SO2

It is important not to add too much carbon because some PbS may not find enough of oxygen in the mixture to undergo the last reaction.
Presence of sodium carbonate reduces formation of PbS and possibility of said nuisance, hence yield of metallic lead is increasing.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/244733490_Reduction_Behavior_of_Lead_Sulfate_in_the_Presence_of_Solid_Carbon
I would say that this approach is a way forward.
 
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