Can someone explains me the Legrendre transformation?

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SUMMARY

The Legendre transformation is a mathematical operation used to derive the Hamiltonian from the Lagrangian in classical mechanics and to convert internal energy into Gibbs free energy or enthalpy in thermodynamics. It acts on functions of several variables, although most resources focus on single-variable cases. Understanding the transformation requires knowledge of its computational methods, meanings, and geometrical interpretations. Key references include Wikipedia and specific thermodynamics texts that cover the application of the Legendre transform.

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  • Understanding of classical mechanics and the Lagrangian formulation
  • Familiarity with thermodynamic concepts such as internal energy, Gibbs free energy, and enthalpy
  • Basic knowledge of multivariable calculus
  • Experience with mathematical transformations and their applications
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  • Study the computational methods for the Legendre transform in thermodynamics
  • Explore the geometrical interpretation of the Legendre transform in relation to tangent spaces and manifolds
  • Review classical mechanics texts that detail the transition from Lagrangian to Hamiltonian mechanics
  • Consult advanced thermodynamics resources that explain the applications of the Legendre transform
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Students and professionals in physics, particularly those studying classical mechanics and thermodynamics, as well as mathematicians interested in transformations and their applications in multiple dimensions.

fluidistic
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I first met the Legrendre transformation in classical mechanics (self study), I did not pay much attention of how the Hamiltonian is derived from the Lagrangian, by applying a Legrendre transform to the Lagrangian. Now I meet this transformation again in Thermodynamics when one has the internal energy and wants to obtain for example the Gibbs free energy or Enthalpy, etc.
Now I try to understand exactly how this transform (is it an operator?) acts on a function of several variables. I must of course be mistaken but I see in wikipedia what happens in the case of a single variable, not several variables.
Thus, if you give me a function of several variables, I have no idea how to take the Legendre transform(s) of this function.
Could someone explain me more or less what is it, how to apply it or at least give me a good reference (wikipedia would do the job if I knew where to look at exactly)?
Thanks!
 
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There are a couple answers you might be looking for, so let me know which one you're after:
(1) How to compute with the Legendre Transform (like you might have to in Thermo).
(2) What is the meaning (usually) of the Legendre Transform
(3) The geometrical meaning of the Legendre Transform (thinking of tangent spaces, manifolds etc).

Cheers,

Kevin
 
homology said:
There are a couple answers you might be looking for, so let me know which one you're after:
(1) How to compute with the Legendre Transform (like you might have to in Thermo).
(2) What is the meaning (usually) of the Legendre Transform
(3) The geometrical meaning of the Legendre Transform (thinking of tangent spaces, manifolds etc).

Cheers,

Kevin

Thanks a lot for your help!
1 and 2.
 

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