Can three particles be entangled?

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SUMMARY

Three particles can indeed be entangled, contrary to some misconceptions that suggest otherwise. The discussion clarifies that while it is possible to create entangled states involving multiple particles, such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and the W state, these states do not allow for maximal entanglement among all particles involved. The confusion often arises from the concept of the monogamy of entanglement, where if one particle is maximally entangled with another, it cannot be maximally entangled with a third particle.

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  • Understanding of quantum entanglement concepts
  • Familiarity with the no-cloning theorem
  • Knowledge of the monogamy of entanglement
  • Basic principles of quantum mechanics
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Homework Statement


I'm trying to understand the information paradox at a black hole. Can three particles be entangled? I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles. When searching on google I found out that it is possible for multiple particles to entangle. So what

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The Attempt at a Solution


I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles. When searching on google I found out that it is possible for multiple particles to entangle. So is it or is it not possible for multiple particles to entangle and what are the concequences?
Thanks!
 
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It is possible to entangle multiple particles, without limitation on their number. I don't know what you read where, it could have been related to the no-cloning theorem.
 
caspeerrr said:
I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles.

You probably just misunderstood someone talking about monogamy of entanglement. If A is maximally entangled with B (i.e. they form an EPR pair) then neither can also be maximally entangled with C.

There are of course entangled states involving arbitrarily many particles, such as the GHZ state ##\frac{1}{\sqrt 2}|000...0\rangle + \frac{1}{\sqrt 2}|111...1\rangle## or the W state ##\frac{1}{\sqrt n}|100..0\rangle+ \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|010..0\rangle + \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|001..0\rangle + ... + \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|000..1\rangle##, it's just that such states don't contain particles that are maximally entangled with each other.
 
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