Can we observe anything beyond the CMB 'wall'?

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    Cmb Wall
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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the concept of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and its implications for observing the early universe, specifically regarding the so-called "CMB wall." Participants explore the nature of this wall, its optical thickness, and the types of information that may still be accessible from earlier epochs through other means, such as gravitational waves and neutrinos.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the CMB wall prevents observation of the universe prior to 380,000 years after the Big Bang due to strong scattering of photons by super-heated plasma, suggesting that the CMB is optically 'thick'.
  • Others argue that while the CMB is optically thick to electromagnetic radiation, it may not be so for gravitational waves and neutrinos, which could provide information from earlier epochs.
  • A participant questions whether their interpretation of a diagram indicating that density fluctuations and gravitational waves can carry meaningful information about the inflationary epoch is correct.
  • Another participant confirms that shorter wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum can bring information from earlier epochs, although the difference in universe age across different EM bands is small.
  • There is a suggestion that the CMB wall acts as an optical limit for light but not for particles like neutrinos, which could provide insights into the universe's conditions before the CMB was formed.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the idea that the CMB wall limits observations using light, but multiple competing views remain regarding the extent to which other forms of radiation or particles can provide information from before the CMB epoch.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved aspects regarding the specific conditions under which different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation interact with the CMB and the implications of these interactions for observational astronomy.

Cerenkov
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Hello.

http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/distance/frontiers/cmb/node10.htm
The above article refers to the CMB "wall" in sections 2.4.2 and 2.4.2.1. It's my current understanding that this wall prevents observation of the very early universe; i.e, earlier than 380,000 years after the Big Bang. I also understand (I hope, correctly) that this is because photons from these earlier epochs are strongly scattered by the super-heated plasma. Thus the CMB is optically 'thick'. See section 2.1.1., Blackbody radiation.
Would it be possible for my understanding to be checked and confirmed/corrected, please? Thank you.

I also have two other questions relating to the CMB wall.
This article... http://inspirehep.net/record/827549/plots ...features the following diagram.

1567626673336.png


As you can see, the CMB is displayed as a kind of wall, albeit one that permits certain types of information to pass through it.
I read this diagram to mean that density fluctuations and gravitational waves can carry meaningful information to us about the inflationary epoch. Also, that primordial neutrinos can carry meaningful information to us about Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.

My questions are these.
1. Could my reading of this diagram please be checked and confirmed/corrected? Thank you.
2. Am I right to conclude that the CMB is optically 'thick' to all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?

Thank you for any help given.

Cerenkov.
 
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Cerenkov said:
Hello.

http://www.jb.man.ac.uk/distance/frontiers/cmb/node10.htm
The above article refers to the CMB "wall" in sections 2.4.2 and 2.4.2.1. It's my current understanding that this wall prevents observation of the very early universe; i.e, earlier than 380,000 years after the Big Bang. I also understand (I hope, correctly) that this is because photons from these earlier epochs are strongly scattered by the super-heated plasma. Thus the CMB is optically 'thick'. See section 2.1.1., Blackbody radiation.
Would it be possible for my understanding to be checked and confirmed/corrected, please? Thank you.

I also have two other questions relating to the CMB wall.
This article... http://inspirehep.net/record/827549/plots ...features the following diagram.

View attachment 249161

As you can see, the CMB is displayed as a kind of wall, albeit one that permits certain types of information to pass through it.
I read this diagram to mean that density fluctuations and gravitational waves can carry meaningful information to us about the inflationary epoch. Also, that primordial neutrinos can carry meaningful information to us about Big Bang Nucleosynthesis.

My questions are these.
1. Could my reading of this diagram please be checked and confirmed/corrected? Thank you.
2. Am I right to conclude that the CMB is optically 'thick' to all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?

Thank you for any help given.

Cerenkov.
1. Your reading of diagram is correct
2. Shorter wavelengths of EM spectrum do bring information from earlier epoch, but difference in universe age in different EM bands is small - free electrons which scattered most of CMB light do scatter in broad spectrum, and their concentration fell pretty abruptly at recombination epoch
 
Many thanks for your reply, trurle.

Cerenkov.
 
Cerenkov said:
2. Am I right to conclude that the CMB is optically 'thick' to all wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation?
Yes, matter was a plasma before. It is thin (essentially non-existent) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, however. They give direct access to the first few seconds.

Big Bang Observer
PTOLEMY
 
Thank you, mfb.

I had (sort of) figured out that all EM radiation was blocked by the CMB 'wall', but needed to check here at PF to make sure.

Those links are very interesting and I'll be looking further into them asap.

Thanks again.

Cerenkov.
 
From what I understand, what you said is correct. The CMB is a wall that we can not see behind using light. You are also correct that it's only an optical limit and particles like neutrinos should be able to give us information about the universe from before the CMB was created.
 

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