Change of State and Enthelpy; Limiting Reactants

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SUMMARY

The discussion addresses two chemistry problems involving thermodynamics and stoichiometry. In Problem 1, the final temperature of coffee after melting an ice cube is calculated to be 94.42 degrees Celsius, using the equation q=mcΔt. In Problem 2, the balanced chemical equation derived from the reaction of 6 moles of reactant A with 12 moles of reactant B is confirmed as 3A + 2B → 3C, indicating that 9 moles of reactant B are required for the reaction. The participant also notes a minor correction regarding the temperature change direction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, specifically heat transfer and phase changes.
  • Familiarity with the specific heat capacity of water (4.184 J/g°C).
  • Knowledge of stoichiometry and balancing chemical equations.
  • Ability to apply the equation q=mcΔt in practical scenarios.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of heat transfer in phase changes, focusing on latent heat.
  • Learn how to balance chemical equations with varying mole ratios.
  • Explore the implications of limiting reactants in chemical reactions.
  • Investigate the specific heat capacities of different substances for comparative analysis.
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and anyone preparing for exams in thermodynamics and stoichiometry will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement


Problem 1:

An ice cube is dropped into a cup containing 196 grams of coffee at 97 degrees C. The thermal energy used to melt the ice is 2.1 kJ. What is the final temperature of the coffee? Assume the specific heat of the coffee is the same as water.

Problem 2:

6 moles of reactant A are mixed with 12 moles of reactant B to produce 9 moles of product C with 3 moles of reactant B left over after the reaction. What is the balanced chemical equation?


Homework Equations



q=mcΔt

balanced equations has lowest whole number coefficients

The Attempt at a Solution



Problem 1:

The solid ice must first reach 0 degrees C. Then it must undergo a phase change at this temperature from a solid to liquid. This requires 2100 Joules of energy as given in the problem. This energy is equivalent to the energy the coffee gives up; this energy comes from the coffee; heat flows from the coffee to the ice cube.

2100 = 195 grams of coffee * 4.184 * (T - 97)

T = 94.42 degrees C.

Problem 2:

The 3 remaining moles imply that only 9 moles of reactant B are required to react with 6 moles of reactant A to form 9 moles of product C.

Therefore,

6A + 9B ---> 9C

Which reduces to

3A + 2B ---> 3C.

Am I right? I believe I am but these problems came without solutions and I'm working these old exam problems in preparation for my chemistry test.
 
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Looks OK to me. Just a small error though, it should 97-T instead of T-97. The temperature of coffee decreases.
 

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